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OB > pregnancy adaptations (systems) chapter 13 > Flashcards

pregnancy adaptations (systems) chapter 13 Flashcards

1
Q

when do we start measuring fundal height ?

A

20 weeks
-measures if baby is growing appropriately

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2
Q

when does pregnancy start to “show”?

A

14 wks

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3
Q

fundal height measurement

A

symphysis pubis to fundus (top part of uterus)

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4
Q

fundal height

A

should coincide with gestation week
we’ll allow +/- 2 cm
(ex. 20 weeks = 20 cm)

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5
Q

where will fundus be at 12 wks ?

A

above symphysis pubis

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6
Q

where will fundus be at 20 wks ?

A

close to umbilicus

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7
Q

Braxton Hick’s

A

tightening sensation, painless, uncomfy, not a true contraction

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8
Q

what makes a true contraction different from Braxton Hick’s ?

A

true contractions make cervical changes

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9
Q

Hegar’s sign

A

softening of the lower part of the uterus
-6 weeks gestation

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10
Q

uroplacental blood flow

A

whooshing sound heard over the placenta
-400 to 500 mL of blood flow through the uterus

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11
Q

quickening

A

first fetal movements

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12
Q

Ballottement

A

examiner pushes against cervix, feels baby bounce up and down

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13
Q

lightening

A

baby starts to descend into the pelvis to get ready for delivery
-wk 38-40
-fundal height may go down

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14
Q

leukorrhea

A

increase in vaginal discharge
normal change

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15
Q

Chadwick sign

A

cervix has a bluish hugh
d/t increase in vascularity

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16
Q

operculum

A

mucus plug
barrier that sticks in the cervix
stops germs from advancing

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17
Q

normal vaginal pH

A

4.5

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18
Q

pregnancy vaginal pH

A

3.5-4
puts at risk for yeast infection

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19
Q

Goodell sign

A

softening of cervix
-6 wks gestation

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20
Q

friability

A

tissue bleeds easier

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21
Q

dilation

A

size of hole measured in cm

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22
Q

effacement

A

cervix thinning out measured in 0-100%

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23
Q

when do we typically check woman’s cervix ?

A

36 wks
GBS swab

24
Q

changes in breasts

A

get larger
areola pigmentation darkens

25
Q

colostrum

A

produced in 2nd trimester

26
Q

why don’t we pump before giving birth ?

A

it’ll stimulate oxytocin and contractions

27
Q

blood volume

A

multiplies by 30 to 45%, even 50%
almost doubles

28
Q

cardiovascular related changes

A

nose bleeds
bleeding gums
more headaches

29
Q

coagulation

A

hypercoagulable state

30
Q

at risk for blood clots

A

at higher risk for blood clots until 6 wks postpartum

31
Q

D-dimer is not a good test to see if clot is present during pregnancy

A

TRUE

32
Q

supine hypotension

A

if woman is laying flat, there’s pressure on vena cava
-sweaty, diaphoretic, nauseous

33
Q

nursing interventions for supine hypotension

A

raise her HOB to at least 30

34
Q

gestational hypertension

A

BP is elevated over 20 wks gestation w/ no protein in urine

35
Q

acid base balance

A

respiratory alkalosis

36
Q

breathing patterns

A

more shallow breathing, higher RR, abdominal breathing

37
Q

at risk for ___
(regarding renal function)

A

kidney stones
UTIs - asymptomatic ones

38
Q

infection puts at risk for ___

A

miscarriage
preterm labor

39
Q

melasma

A

pregnancy mask
darker pigmentation around cheeks and forehead

40
Q

linea nigra

A

dark line that goes up and down on belly

41
Q

striae gravidarum

A

stretch marks

42
Q

palmar erythema

A

red palms

43
Q

PUPPP

A

RASH! super itchy, over abdomen
-oatmeal baths, hydrocortisone

44
Q

muscles

A

relax and may become weaker

45
Q

diastasis recti

A

separation of abdominal muscles

46
Q

neurologic system

A

increase in carpal tunnel syndrome

47
Q

lordosis

A

occurs in 3rd trimester
tummy out, shoulders back

48
Q

hyperemesis gravidarum

A

electrolyte imbalance d/t excessive emesis

49
Q

normal weight gain

A

25-35 lbs

50
Q

underweight weight gain

A

35-45 lbs

51
Q

overweight weight gain

A

not much

52
Q

pyrosis

A

heartburn
d/t pushing up of stomach acids

53
Q

ptyalism

A

excessive salivation

54
Q

appendicitis

A

difficult to diagnose
appendix is displaced

55
Q

pancreas

A

decreased tissue sensitivity to insulin
-insulin needs increase

56
Q

thyroid gland

A

watch TSH and T4 if hx of hypothyroidism

57
Q

Naegele’s Rule for EDD/EDB

A

determine first day of LMP
subtract 3 calendar months
add 7 days

OB (4 decks)

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