Pregnancy

Question 1

When does organogenesis occur, and what is it?

Answer 1

Occurs in the first three months

The development of organs

Question 2

Why do teratogens have no effect during the first two weeks of pregnancy?

Answer 2

Any pharmacological intervention results in prenatal death

Question 3

When is function damaged?

Answer 3

Latter stages

Question 4

When is system damaged?

Answer 4

Earlier stages

Question 5

Name FIVE effects that medication can have

Answer 5

Malformation
Functional defects
Spontaneous abortion
CNS disorders
Diseases in the future

Question 6

Why are cohort studies useful?

Answer 6

Able to determine long term effects of drugs

Question 7

What are some problems of current classification systems?

Answer 7

Lack of studies - not a lot of evidence
Inadequate updating of PILs
No specific advice post exposure

Question 8

What effect can paternal use of medicines have? (3)

Answer 8

Spontaneous abortion
Developmental abnormalities
Childhood cancer

Question 9

What is the current advice given to males?

Answer 9

Use condoms during medicine use and for two spermatogenic cycles after (6 months)

Question 10

Name FIVE rules of thumb when choosing a drug to give in pregnancy

Answer 10

Consider pregnancy in all women of reproductive age
Use drugs which are proven to be safe
Be neither the first or last to use a product
Monotherapy is preferred
Lowest effective dose for the shortest possible time