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Human Biology Unit 2 > Pregnancy > Flashcards

Pregnancy Flashcards

Twins, Development stages of the foetus, birth, contraception

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are the three germ layers called?

A

Ectoderm - Outside
Mesoderm - Middle
Endoderm - Inner

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2
Q

Which part of the blastocysts develop?

A

Trophoblast (Outer sphere of cells)

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3
Q

What is the function of amniotic fluid?

A

Acts as shock-absorber, protecting the embryo against physical injury, allows the embryo to move freely and maintains it at a constant temperature.

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4
Q

What does the ectoderm form in to?

A
  • Skin
  • Hair
  • Tooth Enamel
  • Nails
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5
Q

What does the mesoderm form in to?

A
  • Urinary System
  • Muscles
  • Heart and Blood
  • Skeleton
  • Stomach
  • Tissues
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6
Q

What does the endoderm form in to?

A
  • Digestive System
  • Pancreas
  • Respiratory System
  • Liver
  • Thyroid
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7
Q

What are the weeks for each trimester?

A
  • Trimester 1 (1-12 weeks)
  • Trimester 2 (13-25 weeks)
  • Trimester 3 (26-40 weeks)
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8
Q

Why is the placenta a temporary endocrine organ?

A

Because it develops oestrogen an progesterone during the pregnancy snd then being removed after the pregnancy

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9
Q

What is the role of the umbilical arteries?

A

Removes waste from the foetus to the placenta

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10
Q

What is the role of the umbilical veins?

A

Carries nutrients from the placenta to the foetus

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11
Q

By which month is the placenta fully functional

A

2-3 months

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12
Q

Which embryonic cells does the placenta develop from?

A

The Chorion

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13
Q

What is the function of the placenta?

A

The placenta helps to keep your baby alive and healthy during pregnancy.

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14
Q

Why do babies that are born AT 25 WEEKS HAVE A VERY SMALL chance of survival?

A

The lungs have not been developed and no surfactant is present.

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15
Q

Explain why the foetus is affected by any alcohol or drugs taken by the mother?

A

Is It dependant on the mothers nutrients, and it can affect the development of all the organ systems that are developing.

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16
Q

What are Fraternal Twins?

A

When two seperate ova are fertilised by two seperate sperm, they are no more alike than siblings. (aka dizygotic)

17
Q

What are Identical Twins?

A

When one zygote splits into two foetuses, they share the exact same DNA and are monozygotic

18
Q

What are the two types of Identical Twins?

A
  1. When the inner cell mass and trophoblasts split forming to blastocysts, and are diamniotic.
  2. When the inner cell mass splits inside trophoblasts, and two embryos form one placenta.
19
Q

What is twin-twin syndrome?

A

When one twin is getting more nutrients than the other one.

20
Q
A

Human Biology Unit 2 (9 decks)

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