Preflight - Pilot Qualifications Flashcards
An applicant for an instrument rating must have at least how much and what type of flight time as a pilot?
50 hours cross-country as PIC (10 hours in an airplane)
40 hours of actual or simulated instrument (15 hours from CFII)
Actual or simulated instrument time must include:
3 hours of instrument training within 2 calendar months before the date of the practical test
Instrument flight training on cross-country procedures including one cross country performed under IFR with a filed flight plan that involves a flight of 250 nm along airways or ATC routing, 3 IAP (one at each airport), each being a different type of approach
When is an instrument rating required?
Flight under IFR
Weather below VFR minimums in controlled airspace
Class A airspace
Special VFR at night
What are the recency-of-experience requirements to act as PIC under IFR?
A flight review
To carry passengers, 3 T/Os and 3 landings in the same category, class, and type (if applicable)
To carry passengers at night, 3 T/Os and 3 landings made to a full stop at night OR in a tailwheel (full stop night or day for tailwheel)
6-6-HIT
Within 6 calendar months, logged in actual or simulated conditions, at least:
6 instrument approaches
Holding procedures and tasks
Intercepting and Tracking courses
If a pilot allows his/her instrument currency to expire, what can be done to become current again?
First 6 months of practical test or IPC, if 6-6-HIT is not met then he/she can no longer file and fly under IFR
Following the first 6 month period, the second 6 month “grace“ period allows for the pilot to accomplish the tasks set forth in 6-6-HIT with an appropriately rated safety pilot on board
Following the second 6 month grace period (total of 12 months now), an instrument proficiency check must be given to the pilot by a CFII, DPE, or FAA-approved person
What are the required qualifications for a person to act as a “safety pilot”?
A safety pilot must:
Possess at least a PPL in category and class appropriate to aircraft being flown
Possess an appropriate medical certificate (SP is acting as required crewmember)
If conducted under IFR (on IFR flight plan), the person acting as PIC must hold an instrument rating and be current
Explain the difference between being “current” and being “proficient”?
“Current” means that you meet the minimum FAA regulatory requirements within a specified time period so you can exercise the privileges of your certificate(s)
“Proficient” means that you are not only legal but you are capable and competent to make a given flight
Just because you are current, does not mean that you are proficient enough and capable of conducting a safe and professional flight
Be smart in terms of pilot experience and competence
As an instrument rated pilot, can you fly IFR under BasicMed?
Yes, only in “covered” aircraft
BasicMed does not prohibit against flying in IMC
The pilot is still required to hold an instrument rating and be current
The airplane is still required to be approved for flight under IFR
Cannot be used for any “for hire” operations
What conditions are necessary for a pilot to log instrument flight time?
Any time that the aircraft is operated solely by reference to instruments under actual or simulated instrument flight conditions
When logging instrument time, what should be included in each logbook entry?
Location and type of each IAP accomplished
Name of safety pilot (if applicable)
When should, not can, a pilot log “actual” instrument flight time?
To be safe, only log “actual” under these conditions:
Actually in the clouds (seeing nothing but white)
Consistently in and out of the clouds, seeing the ground occasionally but straight ahead is just clouds
In between cloud layers (far less common than two above)
What is the definition of the term “flight time”?
“Flight time” is any time that a pilot operates an aircraft under its own power for the purpose of flight that lasts from first movement (under own power) until the aircraft comes to a rest post-landing
What requirements must be met before a pilot can log an IAP for currency or training?
Must be flown solely by reference to instruments, regardless of aircraft or simulator
The pilot must be established on each required segment of the IAP to the MDA or DA/DH, regardless of aircraft or simulator
When in a simulator, the simulated instrument conditions must continue to MDA or DA/DH
When in an aircraft, the flight must be conducted under simulated or actual instrument conditions
When conducted in an aircraft maneuvering in IMC, the aircraft transitions from IMC to visual on the final approach segment of the IAP prior to or upon reaching MDA or DA/DH
What are the four methods a pilot may use to conduct and then log IAPs?
- Actual instrument flight conditions in an aircraft
- Simulated instrument conditions, using a view-limiting device, flown in an aircraft with a safety pilot
- Simulated instrument conditions conducted in an FAA-approved simulator, FTD, etc.
- A combination of methods 1 - 3 prescribed by 61.57(c)(4) or (5)
Is a pilot required to fly the entire approach procedure in order to log it for currency?
Pilots must execute the entire IAP commencing at the IAF or feeder route and fly the initial, intermediate, and final segments
Unless…
ATC vectors to final approach course or specific IAF
Both above scenarios allow for a pilot to log the approach for currency
When flying an IAP in IMC, does the FAA require the ceiling to be at MDA or DA/DH before the approach may be logged?
No
There are two possible outcomes to every IAP:
The aircraft transitions from IMC to VMC allowing a landing (per 91.175)
The aircraft remains in IMC and executes the missed approach procedure
BOTH allow the pilot to log the IAP
