PREFINALS - UNIT 5 ENERGY Flashcards

1
Q

In ancient times what was the first form of controlled energy

A

FIRE

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2
Q

Humans relied on their _____and later for agriculture, transport, on _____ and simple machinery.

A

own muscles
animal power

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3
Q

in Agricultural Societies People developed basic
technology to harness _____ (sails for boats
and windmills for milling grain) and ____ (water wheels for milling and irrigation)

A

wind and water power

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4
Q

in The Industrial Revolution (18th - 19th Century) they used ____ as fuel

A

COAL

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5
Q

With the invention of the _________,
coal became a primary energy source

A

steam engine

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6
Q

What are steam engines used for

A

factories, railways, and steamships

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7
Q

Large-scale coal burning led to _______, marking the beginning of industrial pollution issues.

A

air pollution

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8
Q

in Early 20th Century _____ gained prominence, especially
with the invention of the _______

A

Oil
internal combustion engine

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9
Q

internal combustion engine powered ____, ____, ____

A

cars, planes, and industries.

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10
Q

also in Early 20th Century _____ became widespread,
transforming daily life with lights, appliances, and
industrial machinery.

A

Electricity

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11
Q

these inventions generated the most electricity

A

Hydropower and coal-fired plants

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12
Q

in Mid-20th Century Post -World War II, _________
emerged as a powerful alternative for electricity,
though it came with waste and safety concerns.

A

nuclear energy

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13
Q

additionally in Mid-20th Century The global economy became heavily reliant on ____, leading to energy crises when oil
supplies were disrupted.

A

OIL

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14
Q

in Late 20th Century to Early 21st Century Concerns about
pollution and climate change spurred interest in ______ such as solar, wind, and geothermal.

A

Renewable sources,

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15
Q

_________led to more energy-efficient appliances, buildings, and
vehicles, driven by policies and awareness of finite
resources.

A

Technological advances

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16
Q

These type of energy includes coal, oil, and natural gas,
which are formed from the remains of ancient plants and
animals over millions of years.

A

Non-Renewable Energy Sources

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17
Q

this is a type of Non-Renewable Energy Sources Used primarily for electricity generation and industrial processes.

18
Q

this is a type of Non-Renewable Energy Sources Mainly used for transportation (gasoline, diesel) and to produce plastics

19
Q

this is a type of Non-Renewable Energy Source Used for heating, electricity generation, and as an industrial energy source

A

Natural Gas

20
Q

Captured from the sun’s rays using solar
panels or solar thermal systems. It’s one of the
fastest-growing energy sources due to technological
advancements and cost reductions.

A

Solar Energy

21
Q

Produced by converting wind currents
into electricity using wind turbines. It’s effective in
windy regions and increasingly used in large-scale and
offshore installations.

A

Wind Energy

22
Q

Generated by harnessing the energy of
flowing water, typically in rivers or dams, to produce
electricity. It’s a reliable source, especially in regions
with abundant water resources.

A

Hydropower

23
Q

Derived from organic materials like
wood, agricultural waste, and other plant matter.
Biomass can be used directly for heating or converted
into biofuels like ethanol and biodiesel for
transportation.

A

Biomass Energy

24
Q

Draws from the Earth’s internal
heat, which can be used for electricity generation or
direct heating. It’s particularly effective in tectonically
active regions.

A

Geothermal Energy

25
By reducing energy consumption, we decrease greenhouse gas emissions and pollution, helping to combat climate change and preserve ecosystems.
Environmental Protection
26
Conserving energy extends the lifespan of finite resources like fossil fuels and reduces the need for extensive resource extraction
Resource Preservation
27
Lower energy consumption leads to lower utility bills for individuals, businesses, and governments, freeing resources for other uses.
Cost Savings
28
By reducing demand, countries become less dependent on energy imports, improving national security and reducing vulnerabilities to global price fluctuations.
Energy Security
29
Upgrading to energy-efficient appliances, lighting (like LED bulbs), and industrial equipment can greatly reduce energy use without compromising productivity or comfort.
Energy-Efficient Technologies
30
Well-insulated buildings and energy-efficient designs reduce heating and cooling needs. Smart design choices, like passive solar heating and efficient windows, can also help.
Insulation and Building Design
31
Simple actions like turning off lights when not in use, using natural light, and setting thermostats appropriately can lead to significant energy savings.
Behavioral Changes
32
Smart thermostats, motion-sensor lighting, and energy management systems help monitor and optimize energy usage in real-time.
Smart Home and Building Automation
33
Using public transportation, carpooling, walking, biking, and adopting fuel-efficient or electric vehicles help conserve fuel and reduce emissions
Transportation Choices
34
Energyefficient practices in industry, such as optimizing production processes, reducing waste, and using renewable energy, contribute to large-scale energy conservation.
Industrial and Commercial Practices:
35
Governments offer incentives, such as tax credits and rebates, to encourage individuals and businesses to adopt energy-efficient technologies and practices.
Incentives and Rebates
36
Many countries have set standards for appliances, vehicles, and buildings to ensure minimum energy efficiency levels.
Energy Efficiency Standards
37
Educational programs and campaigns raise awareness about the benefits of conservation and teach people practical ways to save energy.
Public Awareness Programs:
38
Smart grids can optimize the distribution and consumption of electricity, while IoT devices provide data that helps manage energy use efficiently.
Smart Grids and Iot
39
Research into materials like better insulators and heat-reflective coatings could make conservation even more effective.
Advanced Materials
40
As renewable energy sources grow, energy conservation will continue to complement sustainable energy production, creating a balanced, resilient energy ecosystem
Sustainable Practices