PREFINALS - UNIT 5 ENERGY Flashcards
In ancient times what was the first form of controlled energy
FIRE
Humans relied on their _____and later for agriculture, transport, on _____ and simple machinery.
own muscles
animal power
in Agricultural Societies People developed basic
technology to harness _____ (sails for boats
and windmills for milling grain) and ____ (water wheels for milling and irrigation)
wind and water power
in The Industrial Revolution (18th - 19th Century) they used ____ as fuel
COAL
With the invention of the _________,
coal became a primary energy source
steam engine
What are steam engines used for
factories, railways, and steamships
Large-scale coal burning led to _______, marking the beginning of industrial pollution issues.
air pollution
in Early 20th Century _____ gained prominence, especially
with the invention of the _______
Oil
internal combustion engine
internal combustion engine powered ____, ____, ____
cars, planes, and industries.
also in Early 20th Century _____ became widespread,
transforming daily life with lights, appliances, and
industrial machinery.
Electricity
these inventions generated the most electricity
Hydropower and coal-fired plants
in Mid-20th Century Post -World War II, _________
emerged as a powerful alternative for electricity,
though it came with waste and safety concerns.
nuclear energy
additionally in Mid-20th Century The global economy became heavily reliant on ____, leading to energy crises when oil
supplies were disrupted.
OIL
in Late 20th Century to Early 21st Century Concerns about
pollution and climate change spurred interest in ______ such as solar, wind, and geothermal.
Renewable sources,
_________led to more energy-efficient appliances, buildings, and
vehicles, driven by policies and awareness of finite
resources.
Technological advances
These type of energy includes coal, oil, and natural gas,
which are formed from the remains of ancient plants and
animals over millions of years.
Non-Renewable Energy Sources
this is a type of Non-Renewable Energy Sources Used primarily for electricity generation and industrial processes.
Coal
this is a type of Non-Renewable Energy Sources Mainly used for transportation (gasoline, diesel) and to produce plastics
Oil
this is a type of Non-Renewable Energy Source Used for heating, electricity generation, and as an industrial energy source
Natural Gas
Captured from the sun’s rays using solar
panels or solar thermal systems. It’s one of the
fastest-growing energy sources due to technological
advancements and cost reductions.
Solar Energy
Produced by converting wind currents
into electricity using wind turbines. It’s effective in
windy regions and increasingly used in large-scale and
offshore installations.
Wind Energy
Generated by harnessing the energy of
flowing water, typically in rivers or dams, to produce
electricity. It’s a reliable source, especially in regions
with abundant water resources.
Hydropower
Derived from organic materials like
wood, agricultural waste, and other plant matter.
Biomass can be used directly for heating or converted
into biofuels like ethanol and biodiesel for
transportation.
Biomass Energy
Draws from the Earth’s internal
heat, which can be used for electricity generation or
direct heating. It’s particularly effective in tectonically
active regions.
Geothermal Energy
By reducing energy consumption, we decrease greenhouse gas emissions and pollution, helping to combat climate
change and preserve ecosystems.
Environmental Protection
Conserving energy extends the lifespan of finite resources like fossil fuels and reduces the need for extensive resource extraction
Resource Preservation
Lower energy consumption leads to
lower utility bills for individuals, businesses, and
governments, freeing resources for other uses.
Cost Savings
By reducing demand, countries
become less dependent on energy imports,
improving national security and reducing
vulnerabilities to global price fluctuations.
Energy Security
Upgrading to energy-efficient appliances, lighting (like LED
bulbs), and industrial equipment can greatly reduce
energy use without compromising productivity or
comfort.
Energy-Efficient Technologies
Well-insulated buildings and energy-efficient designs reduce
heating and cooling needs. Smart design choices,
like passive solar heating and efficient windows,
can also help.
Insulation and Building Design
Simple actions like turning off
lights when not in use, using natural light, and
setting thermostats appropriately can lead to
significant energy savings.
Behavioral Changes
Smart thermostats, motion-sensor lighting, and energy
management systems help monitor and optimize
energy usage in real-time.
Smart Home and Building Automation
Using public transportation, carpooling, walking, biking, and
adopting fuel-efficient or electric vehicles help
conserve fuel and reduce emissions
Transportation Choices
Energyefficient practices in industry, such as optimizing
production processes, reducing waste, and using
renewable energy, contribute to large-scale energy
conservation.
Industrial and Commercial Practices:
Governments offer incentives, such as tax credits and rebates, to encourage individuals and businesses to adopt energy-efficient technologies and practices.
Incentives and Rebates
Many countries have set standards for appliances, vehicles, and buildings to ensure minimum energy efficiency levels.
Energy Efficiency Standards
Educational programs and campaigns raise awareness about the benefits of conservation and teach people practical ways to save energy.
Public Awareness Programs:
Smart grids can optimize the
distribution and consumption of electricity, while IoT
devices provide data that helps manage energy use
efficiently.
Smart Grids and Iot
Research into materials like better
insulators and heat-reflective coatings could make
conservation even more effective.
Advanced Materials
As renewable energy sources grow,
energy conservation will continue to complement
sustainable energy production, creating a balanced, resilient
energy ecosystem
Sustainable Practices
