predation and avoiding predation Flashcards
define predation
the transfer of energy via consumption of one live organism by another.
define scavenging
the consumption of a dead organism by another
what are the 5 steps of predation
- detection
- ID
- approach
- subjugation
- consumption
what does detection entail
use of senses to find prey
what does ID entail?
is the prey consumable/does it match the innately ingrained SEARCH IMAGE?
what does subjugation entail?
the act of controlling the prey using weapons
what does consumption entail?
the act of ingesting the prey. tools like beaks, tongues and teeth are used to do this
name 3 types of airborne hunting methods
hawking, hovering and perch swoops
what is hawking?
genreral air foraging
what is hovering?
used by humming birds
what are perch swoops?
diving from an elevated position
what is k;eptoparacitism?
the theft of prey from the original predator- hyenas do this
what is a chemical defence?
include venoms, toxins and poisons that damage tissue and neurological networks
what are behavioural defences?
agression can be used to show that an individual will not go down without a fight. the predator may then think that the CBA of effort spent on the prey its not worth it.
mobbing is also used overwhelm predators with prey animals so they cannot pick one to attack
What are morphological defences
Include camo an apple Samanthas in which make a prey undetectable. Anatomical defences include spines horns and shells
