Pre Spanish Civilization Flashcards
What are the social classes of the Pre-Spanish Period?
Nobles, Freemen, Slaves
What are the reasons for slavery during the Pre-Spanish Period?
Birth
Captivity in wars
Purchase
Failure to pay debts
Punishment for crimes
Exchange or barter
What are the two types of Tagalog slaves?
Aliping namamahay
Alipin saguiguilid
It is known as an absolute slave.
Alipin saguiguilid
What are the three Visayan slaves?
Tumataban
Tumarampuk
Ayuey
This type of Visayan slave worked for his master when summoned to do so.
Tumataban
This type of Visayan slave worked one day for his master.
Tumarampuk
This type of Visayan slave worked three days for his lord.
Ayuey
True or False: Any member of the social classes could go up or down the social ladder depending upon attendant circumstances.
TRUE
What was the main unit of government in the Pre-Spanish Period?
Barangays
Barangays were headed by ___?
Chieftons
Barangays consisted of around how many families?
30-100 families
Where did the term barangay come from?
Malay word “balangay”
What does balangay mean?
Sailboat
The supreme commander in times of war to promote their welfare and interests.
Datu
What were tributes called?
Buwis
Why were there wars during the Pre-Spanish Period?
- Mistreatment of men of one barangay by men of another barangay.
- Kidnapping the wives of men belonging to one barangay.
- A man from one barangay went to another and was murdered without obvious cause.
What were some punishments if one was found guilty of a crime?
Death, torture
It dealt with inheritance, property rights, divorce, usury, family relations, adoption, loans, etc.
Law
What are the two types of laws?
Written or customary
These laws were handed down from generation to generation.
Customary laws
These laws were promulgated from time to time as necessity arose.
Written laws
Who announces a new law to the village?
Umalohokan
Who does the chief consult when approving a new law?
Council of elders
True or False: If the losing party contests the decision of the judicial process, he may still win in the end if he is sided by the chief.
FALSE. In the judicial process, the chief always takes the side of the winner.
Who settled disputes between individuals?
Village chief and council of elders.
Who settled disputes between barangays?
Elders from neutral barangays that acted as arbiters
True or False: The more witnesses you have in court, the more likely you are to win.
TRUE
Not every judicial process was settle in court. What are some examples of trial by ordeal?
Boiling water ordeal
River ordeal
Candle ordeal
Uncooked rice ordeal
Combat
This ordeal is when one dips their hand in boiling water.
Boiling water ordeal
This ordeal is when one holds a lighted candle that must not be extinguished.
Candle ordeal
This ordeal is when one must plunge into a river and stay underwater for as long as possible.
River ordeal
This ordeal is when one chews uncooked rice and spits.
Uncooked rice ordeal
What are come examples of combat ordeals?
Bultong (wrestling)
Alaw (duel)
What was the thought behind trial by ordeal?
If a person was truly innocent, God would protect them from harm.
What was the main source of livelihood during the Pre-Spanish Period?
Agriculture
The fermented sap of palm trees and drank as liquor.
Tuba
What was the calendar of the Ifugao?
13 months, 356 days a year (28 days except 13th month which had 29 days)
What was the Bisayan calendar?
12 months and 365 days a year (30 days except last month with 26 days)
Primitive tools and weapons that were polished along the lines of leaves and petals of flowers.
Kalumbiga
True or False: Tattoos were fashionable for some pre-colonial Filipinos.
TRUE
True or False: Tattoos exhibited a man’s war record and beauty.
TRUE
Many words/terms in Filipino languages were derived from what other language?
Malayan
