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Readings in Philippine History > Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Flashcards

1
Q

A Portuguese who was looking for a route to the Spice Islands of Indonesia.

A

Ferdinand Magellan

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2
Q

When did Magellan’s expedition land in the Philippines?

A

March 16, 1521

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3
Q

True or False: Magellan was killed by Lapu-Lapu during the battle of Mactan.

A

FALSE. Lapu-Lapu was not the one to kill Magellan

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4
Q

Who took over the command of the expedition after Magellan’s death?

A

Juan Sebastian de Elcano

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5
Q

Who welcomed Magellan and Christianity to Cebu?

A

Rajah Humabon

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6
Q

Who decided that Spain should conquer the Philippines?

A

King Charles I

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7
Q

Whom led the 5 subsequent expeditions to the Philippines?

A

Garcia Jofre Loaisa
Sebastian Cabot
Alvaro de Saavedra
Rudy Lopez de Villalobos
Miguel Lopez de Legazpi

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8
Q

True or False: All 5 expeditions following that of Magellan successfully made it to the Philippines.

A

FALSE. Only the last two actually reached the Philippines.

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9
Q

Who led the only expedition that successfully colonized the Philippines?

A

Miguel Lopez de Legazpi

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10
Q

Where did Ruy Lopez de Villalobos establish a colony?

A

Sarangani

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11
Q

Who names the country “Islas Filipinas”?

A

Ruy Lopez de Villalobos

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12
Q

Who is the Philippines named after?

A

King Charles’ son, Prince Philip

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13
Q

Who accompanied Miguel Lopez de Legazpi on his expedition?

A

Andres de Urdaneta

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14
Q

Who headed the expedition from Cebu to Manila?

A

Martin de Goiti

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15
Q

What walled city was built and dubbed the capital of the islands?

A

Intramuros

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16
Q

Why was the Philippines conquered?

A

The barangays lacked unity, and the Spaniards used them against each other.

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17
Q

How long did Spain reign over the Philippies?

A

333 years

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18
Q

What were the 3 names for the government body that assisted the king in ruling the Philippines?

A

Council of the Indies
Overseas Council
Ministry of the Colonies

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19
Q

What was the political structure of the Philippines during the Spanish occupation?

A

National government and local government (province, city, town, municipalities).

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20
Q

The King’s representative and the highest ranking official in the Philippines.

A

Governor General

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21
Q

Who was the governor general that implemented a general economic plan, which aimed to make the Philippines self-sufficient?

A

Jose Basco y Vargas

22
Q

What industry was placed under government control during Basco’s administration?

A

Tobacco industry

23
Q

What canal connected the Red Sea to the Mediterranean Sea, shortening the travel time from Barcelona to Manila?

A

Suez Canal

24
Q

What were the two kinds of priests that served the Catholic Church?

A

Regular priests and secular priests

25
Q

These kind of priests belonged to religious orders, and their main task was to spread Christianity.

A

Regular priests

26
Q

These kind of priests did not belong to any religious order, and they were trained specifically under the supervision of the bishops.

A

Secular priests

27
Q

This was a special judicial court that investigates the performance of a governor general about to be replaced.

A

The Residencia

28
Q

Who observed conditions in the colony and reported his findings to the King?

A

The Visitador General

29
Q

It served as an advisory body to the Governor General and had the power to check and report on his abuses.

A

The Royal Audiencia

30
Q

What were the two types of local government units created by Spain?

A

The alcadia and the corregimiento

31
Q

It is a unit of government that governed the provinces that had been fully subjugated.

A

Alcaldia

32
Q

It is a unit of government that governed the provinces that were not yet entirely under Spanish control.

A

Corregimiento

33
Q

Who led the alcadia?

A

Alkalde mayor

34
Q

Who led the corregimiento?

A

Corregidor

35
Q

Why did the regular priests refute visits from the bishops and threatened to leave their posts?

A

They were not under the bishop’s jurisdiction.

36
Q

Who accepted the resignations of the regular priests and replaced them with secular priests?

A

Archbishop Basilio Santa Justa

37
Q

How did the church deal with the shortage of secular priests to fill in for the regular priests?

A

They ordained Filipino seculars.

38
Q

Who were the three martyr priests who fought secularization and awakened strong feelings of anger and resentment among Filipinos?

A

Fathers Mariano Gomez, Jose Burgos, and Jacinto Zamora (Gomburza)

39
Q

The death of the three priests led to the organization of what movement?

A

Propaganda Movement

40
Q

Who led the quest for Filipino reforms?

A

The ilustrados

41
Q

When the ilustrados failed in easing the sufferings of Filipinos, what other faction was formed?

A

The intelligentsia

42
Q

What were the members of the Propaganda Movement called?

A

Propagandists or reformists

43
Q

True or False: The Propaganda movement asked for Philippine independence from the Spaniards.

A

FALSE. Its members believed that once Spain realized the pitiful state of the country, they would implement the changes the Filipinos were seeking.

44
Q

What were the three groups of Filipinos in Europe?

A

Those exiled to the Marianas Islands
Ilustrados sent to Europe for their education
Filipinos who had fled their country to avoid punishment for a crime

45
Q

Who were the most prominent members of the Propaganda Movement?

A

Jose Rizal, Graciano Lopez Jaena, and Marcelo H. del Pilar

46
Q

Who was inspired by the Propaganda movement and what organization was established?

A

Andres Bonifacio was inspired to establish the Katipunan

47
Q

He was a briliant orator who wrote “Fray Botod,” “Esperanza,” and “La Hija del Fraile.”

A

Graciano Lopez Jaena

48
Q

He was an excellent writer who put up the newspaper Diarion Tagalog.

A

Marcelo H. del Pilar

49
Q

He was the first Filipino who became famous for his written works such as Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo.

A

Jose Rizal

50
Q

Where was Rizal executed?

A

Bagumbayan (later named Luneta Park and then Rizal Park)

Readings in Philippine History (4 decks)

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