Pre-msk Basics Review Flashcards
We refer to toes and fingers as_
Phalanges (distal, middle and proximal)
Digits 2-5 have _ phalanges while halux only has _. These are connected by _
3,2, interphalangeal joints
We also have metatarsals and tarsals: name the joints and structures present
Joints:
-metatarsal phalangeal joints
- interphalangeal joints
Metatarsal structure:
- head on distal end (makes metatarsal phalangeal joint)
-shaft
- base, these meet up with the tarsals
Which metatarsals are more prone to injury due to the, sitting deeper?
Metatarsals 2 and 5
Draw and label or locate the:
- medial cuneiform
- intermediate cuneiform
- lateral cuneiform
- cuboid
- navicular
-talus
Reference notes
Name all the tarsals
- medial cuneiform
- intermediate cuneiform
- lateral cuneiform
- cuboid
- navicular
-talus
Draw and label the
-tuberosity/tubercle of navicular
- sustentaculum tali
- head of metatarsals
- base of metatarsals
- medial longitudinal arch
- talus
- medial malleolus
- calcaneal tuberosity
- plantar fascia
- lateral malleolus
- lateral longitudinal arch
Reference notes
What tarsal is sandwiched between digits 4 and 5 and calcaneus on other side
Cuboid
What joint makes up the ball of the foot?
MTP joint
What joint sits between the talus and leg (tibia and fibula)?
Talocrural joint
Describe characteristics of the talocrural joint
- joins talus and leg bones (tibia and fibula)
- the grip shape where talus will fit is called the mortis
- the part of the talus that fits in there is called the dome of the talus
- the joint has lots of bony congruency:) love this bc it means it’s stable!
- PLANTARFLEXION AND DORSIFLEXION
What joint joins the upper part of the calcaneus and the bottom end of the talus?
Subtalar joint
Describe characteristics of the subtalar joint
- convex surface of upper calcaneus meets 5e concave surface on bottom end of talus
- INVERSION ANS EVERSION (pulls apart 3 ligaments)
Which 3 ligaments does inversion of the ankle pull apart?
- anterior talo-fibular ligament
- calcaneofibular ligament
- posterior talo-fibular ligament
When does a ligament perform it’s purpose?
When it’s pulled apart
Describe the anterior talo-fibular ligament
Attaches to talus, lateral aspect and fibula at the lateral malleolus
STRETCHED WITH INVERSION, PLANTARFLEXION
Describe the calcaneofibular ligament
Comes in from lateral aspect of calcaneus and bottom of lateral malleolus on fibula
LIMITER OF INVERSION
Describe the posterior talk fibular ligament
Attaches to posterior aspect of talus to lateral malleolus on fibula
PREVENTS INVERSION AND DORSIFLEXION
What ligament limit ankle eversion?
- anterior tibiotalar ligament
- tibionavicular ligament
- tibiocalcaneal ligament
- posterior tibiotalar ligament
Describe the anterior tibiotalar ligament
Comes down from medial malleolus of tibia and talus on medial side
LIMITS EVERSION BEST WHEM PLANTARFLEXED, sits anteriorly
Describe the tipbionavicular ligament
From tibia to navicular, duh hehe
LIMITS EVERSION BEST WHEN PLANTARFLEXED
Describe the tibiocalcaneal ligament
Narrow
- comes down to sustentaculum talk from medial malleolus on tibia
Describe the posterior tibiotalar ligament
- tibia to posterior aspect of talus
- LIMITS EVERSION and DORSIFLEXION
What ankle injuries are more or less common (which side) and why?
EVERSION less common, stronger, broader, larger ligaments = less sprains on EVERSION side
Describe the tibiofibular joint
- different bc not a lot of motion happens here
- joint is filled with ligament and collagen, not a lot of motion
What are some ligaments that hold the tibia and fibula together and why are they necessary?
Anterior tibiofibular ligament, posterior tibiofibular ligament and transverse tibiofibular ligament
STRONG, if the fibula moved away and separated, it would lose the shape of the mortis that holds onto the talus
INSECURE TIBIOFIBULAR JOINT = INSECURE TALOCRURAL JOINT = NO STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY
Which ligaments help in supination of the foot?
Plantar calcaneonavicular ligament
- calcaneus to navicular
- has a little more elastin, stretch and recoil
- helpful cause pronation will stretch his ligament apart and this helps to bounce back into supination
Plantar aponeurosis or fascia
- refers to tissue that’s weblike, spreads out across different insertions, mot as focused as ligaments
- first attachment at calcaneal tuberosity and has individual extensions into each of the toes into bases of proximal phalanges, loading the foot will stretch this and relax it during supination
- plantar fasciitis is an injury here
