Pre-msk Basics Review

Question 1

We refer to toes and fingers as_

Answer 1

Phalanges (distal, middle and proximal)

Question 2

Digits 2-5 have _ phalanges while halux only has _. These are connected by _

Answer 2

3,2, interphalangeal joints

Question 3

We also have metatarsals and tarsals: name the joints and structures present

Answer 3

Joints:
-metatarsal phalangeal joints
- interphalangeal joints

Metatarsal structure:
- head on distal end (makes metatarsal phalangeal joint)
-shaft
- base, these meet up with the tarsals

Question 4

Which metatarsals are more prone to injury due to the, sitting deeper?

Answer 4

Metatarsals 2 and 5

Question 5

Draw and label or locate the:
- medial cuneiform
- intermediate cuneiform
- lateral cuneiform
- cuboid
- navicular
-talus

Answer 5

Reference notes

Question 6

Name all the tarsals

Answer 6

• medial cuneiform
• intermediate cuneiform
• lateral cuneiform
• cuboid
• navicular
  -talus

Question 7

Draw and label the
-tuberosity/tubercle of navicular
- sustentaculum tali
- head of metatarsals
- base of metatarsals
- medial longitudinal arch
- talus
- medial malleolus
- calcaneal tuberosity
- plantar fascia
- lateral malleolus
- lateral longitudinal arch

Answer 7

Reference notes

Question 8

What tarsal is sandwiched between digits 4 and 5 and calcaneus on other side

Answer 8

Cuboid

Question 9

What joint makes up the ball of the foot?

Answer 9

MTP joint

Question 10

What joint sits between the talus and leg (tibia and fibula)?

Answer 10

Talocrural joint

Question 11

Describe characteristics of the talocrural joint

Answer 11

• joins talus and leg bones (tibia and fibula)
• the grip shape where talus will fit is called the mortis
• the part of the talus that fits in there is called the dome of the talus
• the joint has lots of bony congruency:) love this bc it means it’s stable!
• PLANTARFLEXION AND DORSIFLEXION

Question 12

What joint joins the upper part of the calcaneus and the bottom end of the talus?

Answer 12

Subtalar joint

Question 13

Describe characteristics of the subtalar joint

Answer 13

• convex surface of upper calcaneus meets 5e concave surface on bottom end of talus
• INVERSION ANS EVERSION (pulls apart 3 ligaments)

Question 14

Which 3 ligaments does inversion of the ankle pull apart?

Answer 14

• anterior talo-fibular ligament
• calcaneofibular ligament
• posterior talo-fibular ligament

Question 15

When does a ligament perform it’s purpose?

Answer 15

When it’s pulled apart

Question 16

Describe the anterior talo-fibular ligament

Answer 16

Attaches to talus, lateral aspect and fibula at the lateral malleolus
STRETCHED WITH INVERSION, PLANTARFLEXION

Question 17

Describe the calcaneofibular ligament

Answer 17

Comes in from lateral aspect of calcaneus and bottom of lateral malleolus on fibula
LIMITER OF INVERSION

Question 18

Describe the posterior talk fibular ligament

Answer 18

Attaches to posterior aspect of talus to lateral malleolus on fibula
PREVENTS INVERSION AND DORSIFLEXION

Question 19

What ligament limit ankle eversion?

Answer 19

• anterior tibiotalar ligament
• tibionavicular ligament
• tibiocalcaneal ligament
• posterior tibiotalar ligament

Question 20

Describe the anterior tibiotalar ligament

Answer 20

Comes down from medial malleolus of tibia and talus on medial side
LIMITS EVERSION BEST WHEM PLANTARFLEXED, sits anteriorly

Question 21

Describe the tipbionavicular ligament

Answer 21

From tibia to navicular, duh hehe
LIMITS EVERSION BEST WHEN PLANTARFLEXED

Question 22

Describe the tibiocalcaneal ligament

Answer 22

Narrow
- comes down to sustentaculum talk from medial malleolus on tibia

Question 23

Describe the posterior tibiotalar ligament

Answer 23

• tibia to posterior aspect of talus
• LIMITS EVERSION and DORSIFLEXION

Question 24

What ankle injuries are more or less common (which side) and why?

Answer 24

EVERSION less common, stronger, broader, larger ligaments = less sprains on EVERSION side

Question 25

Describe the tibiofibular joint

Answer 25

• different bc not a lot of motion happens here
• joint is filled with ligament and collagen, not a lot of motion

Question 26

What are some ligaments that hold the tibia and fibula together and why are they necessary?

Answer 26

Anterior tibiofibular ligament, posterior tibiofibular ligament and transverse tibiofibular ligament

STRONG, if the fibula moved away and separated, it would lose the shape of the mortis that holds onto the talus
INSECURE TIBIOFIBULAR JOINT = INSECURE TALOCRURAL JOINT = NO STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY

Question 27

Which ligaments help in supination of the foot?

Answer 27

Plantar calcaneonavicular ligament
- calcaneus to navicular
- has a little more elastin, stretch and recoil
- helpful cause pronation will stretch his ligament apart and this helps to bounce back into supination

Plantar aponeurosis or fascia
- refers to tissue that’s weblike, spreads out across different insertions, mot as focused as ligaments
- first attachment at calcaneal tuberosity and has individual extensions into each of the toes into bases of proximal phalanges, loading the foot will stretch this and relax it during supination
- plantar fasciitis is an injury here