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Pre-Made Law Flashcards

1
Q

What is the speed limit for VFR flights in Class C airspace below FL100?

A

250 knots

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2
Q

What service is provided to VFR flights in Class F airspace if requested?

A

Flight Advisory Service (FIS)

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3
Q

List the 5 different types of airspace excluding danger zones.

A

Aerodrome Traffic Zone (ATZ)
Control Zone (CTZ)
Control Area (CTA)
Terminal Control (TMA)
Upper Information Region (UIR)

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4
Q

At what flight level would Upper Information Regions usually start?

A

FL245

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5
Q

What are the airspace divisions within the UIR?

(3 total)

A

Upper Airspace Control Area (FL245-660)

Upper Air Traffic Services Routes (FL245-460)

Military Training / Refuelling

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6
Q

What ATS routes would be used in the UK?

A

Control Zones
Control Areas
Airways
Air routes

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7
Q

What is an ADR and which class of airspace would this be?

A

Advisory Route (Class F)

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8
Q

What is a CDR?

A

Conditional Route

To be used under specified conditions and at ATC discretion

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9
Q

How is a SID name composed?

A

Basic Indicator
Validity Indicator
Route Indicator

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10
Q

How are update messages sent for flight plans?

A

Via the AFTN (Aeronautical Fixed Telecommunications Network)

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11
Q

What are some examples of flight plan update messages?
(5 total)

A

Delay (DLA)
Change (CHG)
Cancellation (CNL)
Departure (DEP)
Arrival (ARR)

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12
Q

What is EOBT?

A

Estimated off Block Time

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13
Q

What other messages are associated with flight plan updates?

(7 total)

A

Slot Allocation (SAM)
Slot Revision (SRM)
Slot Requirement Cancellation (SLC)

Ready (REA)
Slot Missed (SMM)

Supp info request (RQS)
Is flight plan available (RQP)

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14
Q

What is the IFPS?

A

Initial Flight Plan Processing System

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15
Q

What factors may impact an aerodrome layout?

A

Geography
Human Settlement
Infrastructure
Aerodrome evolution
Topography

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16
Q

Where would a published hold usually be located?

A

Over a VOR / VOR DME / NDB

On a defined VOR radial

Intersection of VOR radials

Lat/Long bearings

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17
Q

How often will pilots make a 180 degree turn if a time leg is not mentioned in a non-published hold?

A

Every minute

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18
Q

What are the names of the 4 sides of a holding pattern?

A

Outbound leg
Outbound end
Inbound leg
Fix end

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19
Q

What is an EAT?

A

Expected Approach Time
(Estimated time ATC expects the flight to exit the hold)

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20
Q

When would controllers issue an Expected Further Clearance?

A

Aircraft being held en-route or at a location outwith a hold

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21
Q

What type of airspace sits above a Control Zone (CTR)?

What classification of airspace would this be?

A

Control Area (CTA)

Same class as the CTR

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22
Q

What is a UAR?

What are the vertical limits?

What class are UARs?

A

Upper Air Traffic Services Route

FL245-660

Class C in the UK

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23
Q

Pre-departure changes to flight plans require what info?

A

Aircraft ID

Requested Change

Pertinent Info

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24
Q

What term would be transmitted to pilot when the length of delay is not known?

A

Delay not determined

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25
What factors affect holding pattern? (6 total)
Speed of aircraft Level Nav-aids in use Turbulence Wind Icing
26
What is an ATZ? Where is an ATZ? What are the boundaries of an ATZ?
Aerodrome Traffic Zone An area around an aerodrome for the protection of aerodrome traffic. 2-2.5nm radius Up to 2000ft altitude
27
What are the functions of a flight plan?
Allows for flight progress strips Proves info to airport and passengers Updates airspace capacity management agencies Info on search and rescue Info for ANSP changes
28
What info is included in a flight plan?
Point of departure Route Requested Levels Destination
29
What are the pilots responsibilities in relation to inadvertent changes?
Inform ATSU of; - Changes to TAS - Changes to waypoint arrival times Regain track if aircraft deviates
30
Define VFR holding
360 degree orbit 90 -130 IAS Uses Visual reference points
31
Why might a VFR flight be required to hold?
Traffic Sequence Facilitate Departure Waiting for clearance Indicate radio failure Waiting to integrate with IFR traffic
32
What reasons might lead to holding aircraft?
Traffic management Weather Awaiting clearance / Diversion Runway Inspection Pilot request
33
What is a Control Zone (CTR)
Controlled Area established to protect traffic to and from an airport.
34
What are the two categories of airborne holds?
Published Non-published
35
When would an EAT be issued in the UK?
If the delay is 20 minutes or more
36
What are the types of airspace where flight might be dangerous?
Prohibited Area Restricted Area Danger Area Temporary Reserved Area Temporary Segreated Area
37
What information is included on a published hold?
Name / location Direction of flight Speed to be flown Radio frequency Inbound / Outbound holding axis
38
Which classes of airspace are controlled?
A-E F is advisory G is uncontrolled
39
In which category of controlled airspace do VFR flights not require a clearance to enter?
Class E
40
All airspace in the UK is Class C above what flight level?
FL195
41
In class C airspace, are VFR flights separated from other VFR traffic?
No, will receive traffic information though.
42
What types of flights are separated in Class D airspace?
IFR from IFR SVFR from IFR & SVFR
43
What is a Terminal Control Area?
An area established where ATS routes meet in the vicinity of one or more major aerodromes
44
Define an airway
A corridor of airspace usually 10nm wide which extends vertically
45
What is a SID?
Standard Instrument Arrival Links aircraft from take-off to en-route phase
46
What is a STAR?
Standard Instrument Arrival Contains information relevant to landing such as holding patterns.
47
What is an NPR?
Nosie Preferential Route
48
What is Reg 923/2012?
SERA
49
Reg 923/2012 states that it is whose responsibility to close a flight plan?
Pilot
50
What are the 3 different types of flight plans?
Full individual Abbreviated Repetitive
51
Which flight rules can use repetitive flight plans?
IFR
52
When would an abbreviated flight plan be used?
To obtain clearance for a portion of flight.
53
When should a flight plan be submitted?
Within 120 hours of departure (excluding repetitive)
54
Who may submit a flight plan?
Pilot Aircraft Operator ATSA
55
Must pilots must adhere to flight plans after departure?
True
56
After departure, who must pilots get permission from to make en-route changes?
ATC
57
If weather becomes non VMC what options does a VFR pilot have in controlled airspace?
Land Leave uncontrolled airspace to maintain VMC Request SVFR Continue under IFR at request
58
What areas would be found at an aerodrome?
Runways Taxiways Aprons Terminals
59
What types of flights may hold whilst airborne?
IFR, VFR and SVFR
60
Where would a published hold be detailed?
Aeronautical Information Publication (AIP)
61
At the fix end and outbound end what bank angle should all turns be made at?
25 degrees 3 degrees per second
62
If pilots are unable to conform to procedures what must they do?
Advise ATC as early as possible
63
Which forms does ICAO use to disseminate standards and other provisions?
SARPS Annexes Procedures for Air Navigation Services (PANS) Regional Supplementary Procedures (PANS)
64
The EU aims to provide safe sustainable and connected transport. How does this impact ATC?
Congestion Issues Sustainability Issues Improvements in air quality Infrastructure Competition
65
List the functions of the CAA (6 total)
Air Safety Economic regulation Airspace regulation Consumer protection Environmental research and consultancy Aeronautical Information Service
66
The Air Navigation Order forms the basis of aviation law in the UK Which matters doe they regulate on?
Aviation safety standards Aircraft aviation Air crew, passengers, cargo, ATS and aerodromes
67
How else can the Air Navigation Order 2016 be regerenced?
UK Statutory Instrument (SI) 2016/765
68
What additional information services does the UK Aeronautical Information Publication provide?
AIS information line VFR chart update letter and news service Foreign AIP information
69
The CAA uses performance-based regulation in the UK. What is one of the programmes they use to achieve this?
State Safety Programme (SSP)
70
What activities does the State conduct to maintain safety oversight?
Monitoring safety performance Verifying that companies comply with safety regulation requirements Safety regulatory auditing Monitoring training organisations Approval and monitoring of unit competence systems
71
List the 9 FABs planned within SES initiative
UK-Ireland FAB Danish-Swedish FAB Baltic FAB Blue Med FAB Danube FAB FAB CE FAB EC South West FAB North European FAB
72
What does ITU stand for? What is the purpose/function of ITU?
International Telecommunications Union They specialise in information and communication technologies, focusing on Radiocomms, standardisation and development
73
What information would typically be included in the general section of the AIP?
National regulations Chart symbols Sunrise / sunset Airport and air nav service charges ICAO location indicators Units of measurement
74
Which 4 factors are listed to be considered when determining the need for provision of an Air Traffic Service?
Type of aircraft Density of air traffic Met conditions Other (eg terrain)
75
Who provides the AIS on behalf of the CAA? Through what means is the AIS provided?
NATS Provided through: -AIP -NOTAMs -PIBs -AICs
76
What are the 5 main types of Air Navigation Services?
Comms, Nav and Surveillance services (CNS) Met Services Air Traffic Management Search and Rescue AIS
77
What does special VFR do?
Lowers the minima inside the control zone
78
What are the 5 cyclical steps in the SMS?
Continuously monitor Assess any risks Define and Prioritise required changes Assess any risks related to changes Introduce the changes
79
Legislation is notified and updated by publishing information through which means?
AIP AIR AIRAC NOTAM PIB
80
Under what conditions can VFR flights be flown at night?
Flight plan filed if leaving aerodrome Cloud ceiling 1500ft AMSL Two way radio comms 5km Visibility Increased minimum height requirements
81
What is the speed limit for aircraft flying in VMC in uncontrolled airspace?
140 knots
82
Where is EUROCONTROL based? How many member states does EUROCONTROL have?
Brussels 43 member states (2 non-EU Israel and Morocco)
83
What are the 4 principal activities carried out within the safety regulatory process?
Rule Preparation Rule Enactment Safety Oversight Enforcement
84
What does SMS mean? Describe the purpose of SMS? Describe the regulatory requirements of SMS in ATM
Safety Management System To support organisations activities and ensure safe service for flying public ICAO require safety to be managed in a systematic and proactive way. State legislation requires this also. This is achieved through the SMS
85
Unless authorised VFR flights cannot be operated above what? What speed?
Above FL195 Supersonic speeds
86
What distance above a town/city must a VFR flight be flown at?
1000ft
87
What are the 9 geographical regions ICAO has divided the world into?
Europe Middle-East Caribbean Pacific North Atlantic North America South America Africa-Indian Asia
88
What information would typically be included in the En-Route section of the AIP?
General rules and procedures Description of ATS routes En-Route charts En-Route nav aids Description of en-route FIR/UIRs Navigation warnings
89
What does FPV stand for? What does FPV do?
First Person View Work with NATS and other bodies on matters related to drones and model aircraft
90
Red lights at aerodromes will be steady or flashing, what do these signal?
On the ground: Steady red = stop Flashing red = clear the runway In the air: Steady red = continue circling Flashing red = aerodrome not safe to land
91
What are the requirements for VMC visibility above 3000ft from mean sea level? (Up to FL100)
1000ft above / below clouds 5km visibility 1500m horizontally from clouds
92
What is the purpose of the 9 world divided regions?
Each region reflects different types of flying operations.
93
What functions are carried out by EASA?
Rulemaking Inspections and training Certification of aircraft Data collection / analysis Coordination of safety assessment of Foreign Aircraft Authorization of third party operators
94
What does IATA stand for? What is the purpose of IATA?
International Air Transport Association Increase understanding of the aviation industry
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TATC Basic (4 decks)

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