Law Flashcards
Key knowledge from the portal required to cover all learning objectives under the Law topics.
What regulator covers Europe?
The European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA)
What convention was held in 1926?
Ibero-American Convention
What Annexes does ICAO doc 4444 cover?
What are these Annexes?
2, 3, 11.
Rules of the Air, Met Services, Air Traffic Management.
What is the name of ICAO’s principles laid down in Doc 7300?
The 96 Articles.
What year was the Havana Convention?
1928
When was the Warsaw Convention Held?
What did this convention bring that others previously did not?
- This convention brought harmonisation in the regulated liability for the international carriage of persons, luggage or goods performed by aircraft for reward.
What year was the Cape Town Treaty created?
What did it bring about?
The Cape Town Treaty created an international regime for the registration of contracts of sale and security interests in aircraft.
What year was the Ibero-American Convention?
1926
An incident between a Havilland Dh18A from Croydon to Le Bourget and a F60 Goliath from Le Bourget to Croydon resulted in aviation authorities to collaborate to make various changes to airspace laws and rules.
What was the date of this incident?
How many people were on board each flight?
How was the weather characterised?
Why did the crash happen?
April 7th 1922.
Havilland DH18A had a pilot and steward, F60 Goliath had a pilot, mechanic and 3 passengers.
The weather was characterised by fog, a low cloud base and light drizzle.
The French pilot had been taught to fly offset to the right of the runway, the British to the left. This resulted in a head on collision.
What convention was held in 1963?
The Tokyo Convention
What convention was held in 1919?
The Paris Convention
Where does the Civil Aviation Authority cover?
British Commonwealth.
What does the acronym ANSP stand for?
Air Navigation Service Provider
What does the acronym EASA mean?
European Union Aviation Safety Agency
What convention was held in 1944?
The Chicago Convention
What does the acronym ECAC mean?
European Civil Aviation Conference
What convention was held in 1928?
Havana Convention
What year was the Tokyo Convention?
What did the convention implement?
The Tokyo Convention implemented new international standards for how criminal offenses occurring on or involving aircraft would be handled.
Where is EUROCONTROL based?
Where to they provide their services?
Based at an ATC centre in Maastricht, Netherlands.
They provide their service over Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg and north-west Germany.
When was ICAO formed?
1944 (Chicago Convention)
What year was the Chicago Convention held?
What was established afterwards?
- The Chicago Convention on International Civil Aviation agreed the establishment of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) as a unit of the United Nations devoted to overseeing civil aviation.
What Act was enacted in 1920?
The Air Navigation and Transport Act
What is the current FAA and when was it formed?
What was it originally called and when was it formed?
Federal Aviation Administration formed in 1967.
Originally called the Federal Aviation Agency and formed in 1958.
Where does the Federal Aviation Administration cover?
United States.
What year was the Montreal convention?
What did it update?
It updated the carrier liability provisions of the Warsaw convention.
What convention was held in 1952?
The Rome Convention
What treaty was created in 2001?
The Cape Town Treaty
When was EASA established?
2002
What year was the Rome Convention?
What did it entail?
1952.
It clarified rules about damage caused by foreign aircraft to third parties on the ground.
How many national governments fund ICAO?
193
After the April 7th 1922 incident involving a Havilland DH18A and a F60 Goliath, what ATC developments were introduced?
Instrument flying and its associated rules were introduced, radio procedures were clearly defined and navigational and communication procedures were introduced for transoceanic flight.
When were the first attempts at international regulation of air navigation and where were they discussed?
Was this Convention continued in another year?
The first attempt was in Paris in 1910, and was attended by representatives of 19 European countries. Following WW1 the Paris Convention of 1919 led to the establishment of multilateral treaty regimes.
What does the acronym CAA mean?
Civil Aviation Authority
What Board was formed in 1936?
What did the Board later become?
The Air Registration Board
The Civil Aviation Authority (CAA)
What convention was held in 1929?
The Warsaw Convention
Where does the European Union Aviation Safety Agency cover?
When was it established?
Europe
2002
How many ICAO Annexes are there?
19
What year was the Air Navigation and Transport Act enacted?
What did the Act cover?
It formed the basis of aviation regulation in the British Empire and Commonwealth.
Regulations under the act provided for the registration of aircraft, licensing of aerodromes, licensing of personnel, periodic inspection and maintenance of aircraft, and rules of the air.
What problems were faced after the 1919 Paris, 1926 Ibero-American and 1928 Havana Conventions?
They each failed to consider the laws that had been created by the other conventions and the subsequent lack of harmonisation was a casual factor in accidents that occurred as aircraft followed different legislation.
What National Regulator covers Communist states?
What was it originally called?
When did it declare sovereignty over its airspace?
Aeroflot
The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.
Sovereignty was declared in 1921.
What are the key aviation organisations? (There are 6 in total)
ICAO, ECAC, EASA, Eurocontrol, CAA, NATS
What convention was held in 1999?
The Montreal Convention.
What does the acronym ICAO mean?
International Civil Aviation Organisation
When was the Air Registration Board formed?
What did it later become?
In what year was this change made?
1936.
The Civil Aviation Authority (CAA)
1972
What are SARPs?
What organisation issue SARPs?
Standards and Recommended Practices.
Issued by ICAO.
What are PANS?
Procedures for Air Navigation Services. They contain operating practices and material too detailed for SARPs and annexes.
What are SUPPs?
Regional Supplementary Procedures. They are special procedures which are considered necessary to supplement PANS.
What are the nine regions that SUPPs cover?
Africa-Indian Ocean Region (AFI)
Asia Region (ASIA)
Caribbean Region (CAR)
European Region (EUR)
Middle East Region (MID)
North American Region (NAM)
North Atlantic Region (NAT)
Pacific Region (PAC)
South American Region (SAM)
How many states are part of EUROCONTROL?
What are the two non-European states?
43 total.
The two non-European are Morocco and Israel.
What does the acronym NMOC mean?
What do they do?
Network Manager Operation Centre.
They aim to make the best possible use of the airspace capacity that is available,
What does the acronym CANSO mean?
Who do they represent?
Civil Air Navigation Services Organisation.
They represent Air Navigation Service Providers.
What is the purpose of the European Civil Aviation Conference (ECAC)?
They provide expertise and advice to EASA and EUROCONTROL by harmonising policies and practices in other parts of the world.
What does the acronym ITU mean?
What is its purpose?
What are their three main areas of activity?
International Telecommunication Union.
They facilitate international connectivity in communications networks.
They operate in Radiocommunications, Standardisation and Development.
What does the acronym WMO mean?
World Met Organization.
How many member states and territories does the WMO cover?
193
What does the WMO provide to their member states/territories?
The WMO provides met services to anyone who needs them, when they need them.
How many member does NATO have?
32
What does the acronym IFATCA mean?
When was IFATCA formed?
International Federation of Air Traffic Controllers’ Associations.
Formed in 1961.
What does the acronym IFALPA mean?
International Federation of Air Line Pilots’ Association.
What does the acronym IATA mean?
International Air Transport Association
What does the acronym ETF mean?
European Transport Workers’ Federation
What does the acronym IAOPA mean?
International Council of Aircraft Owner and Pilot Associations
What are the CAA’s 6 specific functions?
Air Safety, Economic regulation, Airspace regulation, Consumer protection, Environmental research and consultancy, and Aeronautical Information Service
What is an AIS?
Aeronautical Information Service
What does the acronym AIRAC mean?
Aeronautical Information Regulation and Control
What does the acronym AIC mean?
Aeronautical Information Circular
What does the acronym NOTAM mean?
Notice to Aviation
What does the acronym PIB mean?
Pre-Flight Information Bulletin
What is the purpose of AIS (Aeronautical Information Service)?
AIS ensures that aeronautical data and information necessary for the safety, regularity or efficiency of air navigation is made available.
What is a MATS Part 1?
The Manual of Air Traffic Services Part 1 contains procedures, instructions and information, which are intended to form the basis of ATS within the UK.
What is a MATS Part 2?
Manual of Air Traffic Services Part 2 contains instructions that apply to a particular ATSU (Air Traffic Service Unit) produced locally and approved by the CAA.
What are the three sections of the AIP (Aeronautical Information Publication)?
General, En-Route, Aerodrome
What authority is responsible for licensing and enforcing legislation and operational procedures?
What department within this body?
The CAA (Civil Aviation Authority)
Safety and Airspace Regulation Group (SARG)
What authority is responsible for regulating all aspects of air safety across all defence activities?
The MAA (Military Aviation Authority)
What body within the CAA is responsible for its safety regulation responsibilities?
Safety and Airspace Regulation Group (SARG)
How does the CAA’s Safety and Airspace Regulation Group carry out their safety regulation responsibilities?
(There are 7 methods in total)
Routine audits of Safety Management System,
Approval and sampling of ATC training plans,
Overview of the training of ATCO Assessors / OTJIs,
Monitoring the development of new ATC procedures / equipment,
Monitoring incidents,
Conducting initial and subsequent unit endorsement examinations,
Issuing, suspending and revoking ATCO licenses
What is the purpose of national controller, pilot, airline and airspace user associations?
To share information and assist national organisations develop new policies with the aim of improving air navigation services and to protect the interests of their members.
What does the acronym GATCO mean?
Guild of Air Traffic Control Officers.
What does the acronym BALPA mean?
British Airline Pilots’ Association.
What does the acronym AOPA mean?
Aircraft owners and Pilots Association
What does the acronym BGA mean?
British Gliding Association
What does the acronym FPV UK mean?
First Person View UK
What is the general principles of the safety organisation?
The principal objective of the safety organisation is to establish and maintain a high uniform level of civil aviation safety.
What are the 5 risk management activities that the CAA’s Safety Management System follows? (It is cyclical process)
Continuously monitor operational safety,
Assess any risks identified,
Define and prioritise required changes,
Assess risks the change may introduce,
Introduce the change, then go back to step 1.
