pre- lab Flashcards
pectineus
Origin:
Superior ramus of pubis
Insertion:
Pectineal line of femur, inferior to lesser trochanter
Functions (at the hip joint):
Flexor of the thigh
Adductor of the thigh
Assists with medial rotation of the thigh
femoral nerve - l2,l3
iliopsoas
Origin:
Psoas Major – sides of T12-L5 vertebrae and intervertebral discs, transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae
Iliacus – iliac crest, iliac fossa, ala of sacrum, and anterior sacro-iliac ligaments
Insertion: common – lesser trochanter of femur
Common Functions:
Flexor of the thigh (at the hip joint)
Stabilises the hip joint
posts major- anterior rami of lumbar nerve- l1,2,3
iliac- dermal nerve l2,3
sartorius
Origin:
Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (ASIS), and superior part of notch inferior to it
Insertion:
Medial surface of proximal tibia (pes anserinus)
Functions:
Flexor, abductor and laterally rotator of the
thigh (at the hip joint)
Flexor of the leg (at the knee joint)
Medially rotate the leg when knee is flexed
femoral nerve- l2,3
quadriceps
Origin:
Rectus femoris – AIIS and ilium superior to acetabulum
Vastus lateralis – Greater trochanter and lateral lip of linea aspera
Vastus medialis – Intertrochanteric line and medial lip of linea aspera
Vastus intermedius – Anterior and lateral surfaces of femoral shaft
Common Insertion:
quadriceps tendon to patella and then indirect attachment via patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity
Common Function:
Extensor of the leg (at the knee joint)
ONLY RECTUS FEMORIS - Helps in flexion of the hip joint
femoral nerve l2,3,4
obturator externus
Origin:
Hip bone around external obturator foramen and membrane
Insertion:
Trochanteric fossa
Functions:
Lateral rotator of the thigh (at the hip joint)
obturator nerve-l3,l4
gracilis
Origin:
Body and inferior ramus of pubis
Insertion:
Medial surface of proximal tibia (pes anserinus)
Functions:
Adductor of thigh (hip joint)
Flexor of the leg (knee joint)
adductor brevis
Origin:
Adductor brevis – body and inferior ramus of pubis
Insertion:
Adductor brevis – pectineal line and proximal part of linea aspera of femur
Common Function:
Adductor of the thigh (at the hip joint)
adductor longus
origin- body of pubis inferior to pubic crest
insertion- middle third of line aspera of femur
function- adductor of the thigh
adductor mangus
Origin:
Adductor part: Inferior ramus of pubis and ramus
of ischium
Hamstring part: ischial tuberosity
Insertion:
Adductor part: gluteal tuberosity and linea aspera
Hamstring part: adductor tubercle
Functions:
Powerful adductor of the thigh (at the hip joint)
Adductor part: flexes the thigh (at the hip joint)
Hamstring part: extends the thigh (at the hip joint)
adductor part- obturator nerve l2.l3
hamstring part- tibial division sciatic nerve l4
adductor hiatus
Formed by insertions of Adductor Magnus
Adductor part: gluteal tuberosity and linea aspera
Hamstring part: adductor tubercle
Femoral artery and Femoral vein: through Adductor Canal in the anterior compartment until they pass through the Adductor Hiatus to reach Popliteal Fossa on the posterior side of the lower limb
Femoral artery —> Popliteal artery
Popliteal vein —> Femoral vein
knee joint
Synovial hinge joint Flexion/Extension of the leg
BUT
The hinge movements are combined with gliding and rolling and with rotation about a vertical axis.
3 BONES articulating:
Femur (distal end of the femur)
Tibia (proximal end of the tibia)
Patella
2 FEMOROTIBIAL joint between femur and tibia
1 FEMOROPATELLAR contact area of patella and femur
Both joints are contained within a common capsule with communicating articular cavities
extra capsular ligaments
Patellar Ligament
Fibular (Lateral) Collateral Lig – cord-like
Tibial (Medial) Collateral Lig. – broad
(anterior)
Oblique Popliteal Lig. and Arcuate Popliteal Lig (posterior)
intra-articular ligaments, cruciate ligaments
Anterior Cruciate Lig. (ACL)
Posterior Cruciate Lig. (PCL)
menisci
Medial meniscus – C-shaped, semicircular
Lateral meniscus – O-shaped, almost circular
