Pre-Civil War - part 1 Problems

Question 1

what % of Population lived off the land

Answer 1

50%

Question 2

What was there a lack of economically

Answer 2

Sanitation + schools

Question 3

what were the Latifundias

Answer 3

farming estates, owned by rich, treated landless labourers as disposable (employed daily)

Question 4

where was industry predominantly in Spain

Answer 4

North/NorthEast
Asturias (⬆️ Coal Mining)
Catalonia (⬆️ textiles + foreign trade)

Question 5

what prevented industrial development

Answer 5

Widespread Poverty (little demand for consumer goods)

Question 6

How many civil wars did Spain Experience from 1830-1939

Answer 6

4

Question 7

What did Church and land-owning Aristocracy want

Answer 7

keep Spain as it was (modernisation = threat)

Question 8

What isa constitutional Monarchy

Answer 8

Monarch shares power with elected parliament/Gov

Question 9

what was King Alfonso XIII like

Answer 9

• Little regard for politics
• no interest in tackling Econ/social problems

Question 10

When did King Alfonso XIII leave

Answer 10

left Spain 1931 - never abdicated

Question 11

by 1914 religious orders (jesuits) controlled how much of countries wealth

Answer 11

1/3

Question 12

What is “El Dinero es muy Catolica”

Answer 12

‘Money is a good Catholic”

Question 13

What became a powerful tradition in Spain

Answer 13

Anti-clericalism

Question 14

what did Anti-clericalists do

Answer 14

Attack church property
Burned churches/nunneries

Question 15

what was the Churches role in education pre-reforms

Answer 15

• Complete Control
• frequent prayer sessions
• insufficient Secondary provision

Question 16

what was literacy rates in schools due to catholic influence

Answer 16

illiteracy rate over 50%
(little attention to reading)

Question 17

Which groups dominated the Army

Answer 17

• Conservative + Aristocratic (elites)

Question 18

in 1914, how large was the army

Answer 18

100,000 serving soldiers
12,000 officers

Question 19

How much of countries annual budget used to fund Army

Answer 19

1/4 (mostly officers pay)

Question 20

why did Army support decline

Answer 20

• Spain defeated by USA in 1898 (lost Cuba + Puerto Rico)
• La semana Tragica (rioting in Barca, army killed 175 demonstrators)
• Defeat at Battle of Annual (1921) in Morocco, 10,000 troops killed

Question 21

When did the CNT form

Answer 21

1910

Question 22

what was the CNT + how many members

Answer 22

Anarchist Trade Union
1934 - 1.48 million members

Question 23

how many members did UGT have

Answer 23

1934 - 1.44 million

Question 24

When was UGT set up

Answer 24

1888

Question 25

What was Catalonia pressuring

Answer 25

demands for Self Government (as gov threatened heavy tax after Catalonia supplied both sides WW1)

Question 26

What did Basque and Catalonia both have

Answer 26

Own Culture and Language

Question 27

what was the value of Peseta 1929

Answer 27

lost 30% of value