Late Franco - Transition to democracy Flashcards
What was the difference between Francos funeral and Juan Carlos’ Coronation
many Western leaders atrtended the coronation
How did Juan carlos allign with democracy
made spain a Constitutional + parliamentary Monarchy
When was Juan Carlos trip to USA
July 1976
What did Juan Carlos do on his trip to USA
powerful speeches to congress, commiting to democracy
What was Spanish Society like in 1970s
Less polarised - raised less public concern
How was the implementation of rules by Juan Carlos made easier?
Little opposition
Catholics supported reform
Communists moving away from soviet model
Who did Juan Carlos keep as head of Government
Navarro
Who did Juan Carlos appoint as Minister Of Interior
Manuel Fraga
Why was the public concerned about the appointment of Manuel Fraga
Reformers feared his francoist background
What was the issue of Navarro’s control
opposed reform by insisting Communist party should be outlawed
What was a limitation of Navarro’s control
his own Gov was divided and lacked a coherent policy
- weakened and resigned
When did navarro resign
July 1975 Due to lack of support
Who was appointed as PM after Navarro’s resignation
Adolfo Suarez
Why was Juan Carlos decision to appoint Suarez smart?
Suarez not well known, conservative gov did not see him as threat, accepted nomination
What did Adolfo Suarez declare
First free elections to be held 1977 (since 1936)
What did Suarez legalise in 1976
establishment of poliitcal parties
Who did Suarex negotiate with to agin support
Conservatives, to support reform process
Who was Adolfo Suarez
GOAT
What was a symbol of democracy in the 1977 election
la pasionaria resurfaced from exile
How many political parties were involved in the 1977 election
200+
What was the voter turnout of the 1977 free election
almost 80%
What apporach did Suarex take after winning the 1977 election
- Moderate centrist (due to no majority)
- Pluralistic + democratic
What was a threat to the new government
Conservatives threatening military coup
BUT never materialised
Which areas struggled to adjust to democracy
Basque + Catalonia (still had inequality and violence)
