Pre 1906 Individuals & Parties context - FACTS Flashcards
Who was Rowntree, why did he care, what did he show about poverty, what impact did this have?
A Quaker, son of factory owner who saw WC conditions. His - A Study of Town Life 1901 - showed in York 30% of the population lived in poverty & 10% were V poor. Showed causes of poverty = Primary (through death, illness,age ie deserving=majority) & Secondary=(drink, gambling, wrecklessness=minority). Influenced DLG MI (Old Age Pensions Act 1908& NI Act 1911)
Who was Booth, what did he do, what impact did this have?
Wrote 17 volumes of Life and Labour of London’s Poor 1869-1903. Was the 1st to write in poverty in such detail (conducted in York). He shed light to enlightened MC on the conditions of the WC= SI
Who was President Kruger?
President of the Transvaal State in South Africa.
Who was Cecil Rhodes?
PM of the Cape Colony(wanted B to expand influence in Africa) until 1892 because of the Jameson Raid.
Who formed the first version of Labour and when?
Keir Hardie formed the Independant Labour Party in 1892
What did the Labour change to in 1900 and what did they get for the 1st time?
The Labour Representative Committee won 2 seats
When did they become the Labour Party and for what reason?
In 1906, they won 29 then 30 seats. They now had more power whereas before they’d just been a pressure group.
What happened in 1903 that helped the LRC gain seats in the 1906 election?
The Lib-Lab Pact (had MI on helping Liberals win)
Liberals wouldn’t put forward 30 candiates so there was stronger opposite to Cons+more likely to vote Labour.
Between what period did the Cons win 3/4 of general elections? How many were in the HoL and who were they supported by?
1889-1906
The majority
MC and Landowners
When and why was the Irish Nationalist Party formed?
1860 to fight for HR
In 1891 how many MP’S INP were returning to WM and why? When and why did this decrease?
80 MP’s due to Parrnel’s Leadership, he had discratised the Catholic Church after having an affair. Redmond replaced him in 1891 after Parnell died, however he didnt have the same strength.
What party was Henry Campbell-Bannerman and what role did he have?
He was the Liberal PM from 1905 - 1908
What party did Gladstone belong to, and what impact did he have?
He was PM for 12yrs spread over 4 terms from 1868-1894, he was Chancellor of the Exchequer 4 times. He believed in free trade, laissez-faire and championed HR.
What was the Liberal Party prone to? (Give an example)
What significant Act are they remembered for promulugating?
Spilts and divisions, they spilt over the , HR, Imperialism and 2nd BW 1899-1902. The 1911 Parliament Act - stopped HoL vetoing could only 2yrs (reduced their power)
