Pre 1906 context - FACTS Flashcards
Facts for essays
Economic context ? Indrustrialisation..
Indr Revolution in 1850’s. 3% had 1/3 national incomce
Social context -
75% of the population were WC.
1801 = 11m 1901 = 37m (rapid growth, urbanisation and overcrowding) - shown in literate - Dicken’s Bleak House 1853. Discontent !
Political Context -
Still had large empire
Conservatives in power 3/4 of GE 1889-1906 dominaning!
When was the second Boer War and who were the Boers?
1899-1902
Dutch farmers
What factors were there for the conflict?
Imperialsim - scramble for Africa (B,F,G & US)
Location(Transvaal) - controlled trade routes-India and A
Witwatersand Goldfield Discovery 1886 - influental E benefical+>reputation.
Boers feared being replaced by B workers+P impact.(Similar to Chinese Slavery Issue 1902) = heavier taxation -policical rights.
How did the appointment of JC as Colonial Secretary 1895 aid the start of the Boer War?
Wanted a line through Africa, for ease of trade=determined to colonise Transvaal. TF want Im
Boer nationalism and first BW
Started the BW as they wanted to keep their freedoms:run their own affairs, keep traditions. =acheived in 1884 ft agreement.
Previous conflict 1882-4, musnt’ engage with foregin powers.
The Jameson Raid (1896) effect on 2nd BW
Rhodes planned to bring down the Transvaal gov= arrrested + resigned as PM of Cape Colony. ST = caused confrontation ft Kaiser Wilhem. =ships of coast = B North Fleet = G apoligse. Anger and annoyance Boers.
What happens in Oct 1899?
Deteriations in relations = President Kruger declares W on Transvaal.
End of 1900 equals what?
British milatary diffculties end a turning point for the army.
What attutiudes were there towards the poor before 1906?
Negative: Undeserving (majority) & Deserving(minority).
Laissez-faire attutides, no nominal provisions only private charities ie 1867 Barnado’s, NO TU , Poor Law.
What were the significant long term social effects of the BW?
Showed the terrible health of UK = 38% men in poor health (mid term cause of PB). People horrified by Cons Gov guerilla tactics (concentration camps=27,000 Boers 1/4 dead +scorched earth policy) Shown by Hobhouse “dead and silent”. SC of 1906 election Liberal win.
What was the economic consequence of the BW?
National debt was up 1/4
Political consequences of BW?
Liberals spilt + Cons re-elected 1902 in “khahi-election”
Imperial consequences of BW?
Isolated and angered Germany, LT SC OF WW1, Embarressment for Empire 450,00 B to defeat 60,000 Boers.
