Prcatice Midterm

Question 1

Atomic Structure

Answer 1

-The electrons occupy a very large volume compared to the nucleus.
-Almost all the mass of the atom is concentarted in the nucleus
-The protons and neutrons in the nucleus are very tightly packed
The number of protons and the number of neutrons are not always the same in the neutral atom

Question 2

Which experiments provided the information stated about the nature of the atom.

Answer 2

-The Rutherford experiment determined the change on the nucleus.
-Millikan’s oil drop experiment showed that the charge on any particle was a simple multiple of the charge on the electron
-The cathode-ray tube proved that electrons have a negative charge.

Question 3

Neutrons (Formula)

Answer 3

Neutrons = Mass# - Protons

Question 4

Electrons (Formula)

Answer 4

Electrons = Protons + Charge

Question 5

Ions (definition)

Answer 5

Atoms or molecules that have gained or lost one or more electrons, resulting in a net electric charge

Question 6

Alkaline Metals

Answer 6

Group one of the periodic table
Highly reactive, especially with water , and are characterized by their softness and low melting points.

Question 7

Halogens

Answer 7

Group of non-metallic elements found in group 17, form salts when they react with metals.
Halogens are highly reactive, particular with alkali and alkaline earth metals, due to their tendency to gai one electron to achieve a full outer shell.

Question 8

Alkaline earth metals

Answer 8

Group 2 of the periodic table.
They tend to form compounds in which they have a +2 oxidation state because they lose two electrons to achieve a full outer electron shell.

Question 9

Noble gases

Answer 9

Group 18 of the periodic table.
They are very stable and do not easily reacts with other elements. This is because they have a complete outer electron shell, which makes them highly unreactive under normal conditions.