Praleista 03/23 Flashcards

1
Q

Su kuo reaguoja alkanai ir kaip?

A

Pakaitų reakcija (halogeninamas)
CH4 + F2 (UV)
Oksidacijos reakcijos (degimo)
CH4 + O2
Eliminavimo reakcijos (dehidrinimas)
CH3-CH2-CH3 ->(^) CH2=CH-CH3 + H2

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2
Q

Su kuo reaguoja Alkinai ir Alkenai ir kaip?

A

Hidrinimas
H2C=CH2 + H2-> CH3-CH3
Su Halogenvandeniliais
H2C=CH2 +HBr -> H3C-CH2Br (nepamiršti Markovnikovo taisyklės)
Su H2O
CH2=CH2 + H2O -> CH3-CH2-OH

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3
Q

Alkanu grandinės ilginimo rūšis

A

CH4 -> CH3-CH3 Viurco sintezė
CH4 + Cl2 (UV) -> CH3Cl + HCl
CH3Cl + 2Na -> CH3-CH3 +2NaCl
CH3Cl
CH3-CH3 -> CH3-CH2-CH2-CH3
2)
CH3-CH3 + Cl2 (UV) -> CH3-CH2Cl+HCl
2CH3-CH2Cl + 2Na -> CH3-CH2-CH2-CH3 + 2NaCl

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4
Q

Nesotūs angliavandeniliai (Alkenai ir Alkinai)

A

Hidrinimas
Oksidacija (deginimas)
H2C = CH2 + 3O2 -> 2CO2 + 2H2O
Su KMnO4
H2C-H2C + O + H2O -> H3C-CH3
| |
OH OH

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5
Q

Polimerizacija

A

Eteno kat, slėgis
nH2C=CH2 -> (-H2C-CH2-)n Monomer. +o polimeras
Propeno kat, slėg.
nCH2=CH-CH2-CH3 -> (-CH2-CH-)n
+o |
CH3
Ir t.t

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6
Q

Reagavimas su arenais ir kaip

A

C7H8 + 3Br2 -> C7H5Br3 + 3HBr
Hidrinimas k
C6H6 + 3H2 -> C6H12
Halogeninimas
UV
C6H6 + 3Cl2 -> C6H6Cl6
Deginimas (Oksidacija)
C6H6 +7,5O2 -> 6CO2 + 3H2O (Rūgstanti liepsna)

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7
Q

Kalkinis vandens reagavimas Ca(OH)2

A

CuSO4 (k) baltos spalvos (Su vandeniu melynas)
Cu(OH)2 + CO2 (d) -> CaCO3 + H2O
Susidrumstė

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8
Q

Karboksirūgšties cheminės savybės

A

HCl -> H+ + Cl-
CH3COOH -> CH3COO- + H+
Su metalais iki H
2HCl (aq) + Zn(k) -> ZnCl2 (aq) + H2 (d)
Su baziniais oksidais
2HCl (aq) + MgO (k) -> MgCl2 (aq) + H2O (s)
CH3COOH (aq) + NaOH (aq) -> CH3COONa (aq) + H2O (s)
Su amoniaku
HCl + NH4 -> NH4Cl (aq)
Su druskom (karbonatais)
2HCl + Na2CO3 -> 2NaCl + CO2 +H2O

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9
Q

Viurco sintezė?

A

CH3Cl +Na ->CH3-CH3 + 2NaCl
CH3Cl +Na

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