Pragmatics Flashcards
Indirect speech act
Speech act where the form does not agree with the function
“I wonder where I put my keys.”
Direct speech act
When form agrees with function
“Come here!”
Illocutionary force indicating device (IFID)
An expression indicating the communicative force of the utterance
“I bet he will lose.” - “I like it, but…”
Personal deixis
Speaker & the People involved (i, you, they, he, she)
Temporal deixis
Times / Dates (now, then, tomorrow, next month)
Spatial deixis
Forms used to point to a Location in Space (here, there)
Deictic Centre
Deictic centre refers to the location of the person at the time of speaking
Negative politeness strategy
Attending to the hearer’s need for independence
Positive Politeness strategy
Attending to the hearer’s need for solidarity
Flouting
deliberately disregarding or violating a social Maxim, norm, rule, or expectation.
Maxim of Quantity
Give the Appropriate Amount of Information.
(speakers should provide just enough information to be informative, but avoid giving more detail than necessary.)
“Answering ‘yes’ or ‘no’ to a question without elaborating further.”
Maxim of Quality
Be sincere, do not intentionally lie.
(The importance of being Truthful and Providing accurate information in communication.)
“Only stating facts or beliefs that you know to be true.”
(usually metaphors)
Maxim of Relation (relevance)
Make what you say relevant to the ongoing conversation.
(Contributions to a conversation should be relevant to the topic being discussed.)
“Bringing up a point that directly relates to the ongoing conversation.”
Maxim of Manner
Avoid obscurity or ambiguity, be brief, be orderly.
(Clarity and coherence in communication, speakers should avoid ambiguity and be as clear and straightforward as possible.)
“Using clear and concise language to convey your message.”
Declaration
A speech act bringing a change by being uttered
