Pragmatics

Question 1

Pragmatics

Answer 1

The meaning behind words, infer meanings that aren’t stated.

Question 2

Implicature

Answer 2

An implied meaning that has to be inferred as a result of a conversational maxim being broken

Question 3

Inference

Answer 3

The process of deriving implied meanings

Question 4

Irony

Answer 4

Using language to signal an attitude other than what has been literally expressed

Question 5

Deixis

Answer 5

Words that are context-bound where meaning on who is being referee to, where something is happening or when it is happening.

Question 6

Speech acts

Answer 6

Communicative acts that carry meaning beyond the words and phrases used within them e.g apologies + promises

Question 7

Politeness

Answer 7

The awareness of others’ needs to be approved of and liked (positive politeness) and /or given freedom to express their own identity and choices (negative politeness)

Question 8

Face

Answer 8

The concept of how all communication relies on presenting a ‘face’ to listeners and audiences, and how the management of positive and negative face needs to contribute to interaction

Question 9

Cooperative principles (in conversation)

Answer 9

How interaction is thought to be based upon various kinds of cooperative behaviour between speakers