Practicum - SAU

Question 1

Ancef (ceFAZolin)

Answer 1

Class: First gen cephalosporin
MOA: Bacteridical, binds to bacterial cell wall membrane causing cell death.
Active against mostly gram-positive cocci, some gram-negative rods.

Adverse Reaction/Side Effects: Seizures, SJS, rash, allergic reactions, N/V/D

Used for perioperative prophylaxis, infections

Question 2

Vancomycin

Answer 2

Class: Anti-infective
MOA: Bactericidal, binds to bacterial cell wall causing cell death.

Active against gram-positive pathogens.

Adverse Reaction/Side Effects: Nephrotoxicity, allergic reactions, “red man” syndrome, phlebitis, N/V, hypotension

Used for staph infections including MRSA.

Question 3

Flagyl (metroNIDAZOLE)

Answer 3

Class: Anti-infectives, anti-protozoals, antiulcer
MOA: Bactericidal, trichomonacidal, amebicidal.

Active against anaerobic bacteria, H. pylori

Adverse Reactions/Side Effects: Seizures, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, dizziness, headache, aseptic meningitis, encephalopathy, abd. pain, N/V/D

Used for peptic ulcers (H. pylori), periop propyhlactic in colorectal surgery, infections

Question 4

Tylenol (acetaminophen)

Answer 4

Class: Antipyretics, nonopioid analgesic
MOA: Inhibits prostaglandins, mediates pain and fever. Not an anti-inflammatory.

Use cautiously in hepatic/renal disease, w/ alcohol, warfarin.

Used for discomfort and fever.

Adverse Reactions/Side Effects: SJS, toxic epidermal necrolysis, hepatotoxicity, hypokalemia, acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis

REVERSAL: Mucomyst (acetylcysteine) oral

Question 5

Celebrex (celecoxib)

Answer 5

Class: cox 2 inhibitors, NSAIDS
MOA: Cox-2 inhibitor, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic

Used to decrease pain and inflammation from arthritis.

Adverse Reactions/Side Effects: HF, MI, Stroke, Thrombosis, exfoliative dermatitis, SJS, toxic epidermal necrolysis, GI bleeding

CYP2C9 risks

Question 6

Lyrica (pregabalin)

Answer 6

Class: anticonvulsant, analgesic (Schedule V)
MOA: Binds to Ca channels in CNS tissue, regulating neurotransmitter release.

Used for neuropathic pain, fibromyalgia, partial onset seizures.

Adverse Reactions/Side Effects: Suicidal thoughts/behaviors, hypersensitivity reactions, peripheral edema, dizziness, drowsiness.

Caution in renal impairment.