Practice Wuestions

Question 1

Define structural isomerism

Answer 1

Same molecular formula but different structural formula
Chain
Functional
Position

Question 2

Define stereo isomerism

Answer 2

Same structural formula but different arraignment of atoms
-E/Z isomers (Alkenes only)
-optical isomerism

Question 3

Define chain isomerism

Answer 3

Same molecular formula but different lengths of carbon chains

Question 4

Define position isomer

Answer 4

Same molecular formula but functional group is attached to different positions

Question 5

Define functional isomerism

Answer 5

Same molecular formula but different functional groups ( such as alkene and cycloalkanr)

Question 6

What conditions needed for thermal cracking

Answer 6

High temp
High pressure
(To Produce high percentage of alkenes and straight chain alkanes)

Question 7

Conditions for catalytic cracking

Answer 7

Low temp
Slight pressure
(Produces branched alkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons and cycloalkanes and motor fuels)

Question 8

Why do we carry out cracking reactions

Answer 8

-shorter chains are in higher demand
-other products such as alkenes are used to move plastics and polymers

Question 9

What are the conditions for nucleophile substitution with OH-

Answer 9

Reagent =NaOH
Conditions= warm aqueous

Question 10

What are the reagents and conditions for nucleophile sub with :CN-

Answer 10

Reagent: KCN
conditions: aqueous ethanol

Question 11

What are the reagents and conditions for nucleophillic sub with excess ammonia

Answer 11

Reagent: NH3
Conditions: excess NH3

Question 12

What are the reagents and conditions for elimination

Answer 12

Reagent: NaOH
conditions: Hot in ethanol
(EEE, 333—> Elimination, Extremely hot, Ethanol. 3* structure, 3 curly arrows, 3 products)