Practice Test (FULL) Flashcards
What is another name for the stages of change model?
Transtheoretical Model
What is the correct sequence in the stages of change model of health behavior
Precontemplation, Contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance.
In the WHO health surveys which of the following types of data were obtained on the individual rather than household level.
Health care system responsiveness
What reliable online database is part of the US Department of Health and Human Services?
National Institute of Health (NIH) and US Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention (CDC)
What is the most applicable research methods for collecting aggregate information on large population groups?
Surveys
What is correct about the databases provided by the American Medical association?
Contractors with database licenses provide access to AMA’s databases
What is the School Health Index (SHI)?
A tool that the CDC uses to help schools in their health self-assessments and to create health policies and plans
The Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS) was developed through collaboration by which organizations?
World Health Organization (WHO)
Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS)
United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
United Nations Children’s fund (UNICEF)
Which of the following is MOST accurate regarding the components of a coordinated school health program?
School health education should be comprehensive
In a coordinated school health program, which of the following is a factor?
Healthy physical, emotional, and social school environments support learning.
What are the vertebrae in the human skeleton in descending order? (6)
Atlas, Axis, Thoracic, Lumbar, Sacral, Coccyx
When considering how to communicate health education information to diverse audiences, which of these is true?
The majority of American adults are lacking in health literacy skills
According to the CDC, what is a valid guideline for writing clear, relevant health education materials appealing to diverse audiences?
Use prescriptions rather than postscriptions for giving for giving action instructions
Where can you find information on the connection between school health and academic achievement on school health assessment planning?
The CDC web site’s Coordinated School Health Publications and resources page.
What is a characteristic of educator communication with parents that is effective in engaging them strongly in their schools?
Parents can identify school expectations of students for homework, attendance, and behavior
What is true about the privacy of records protected under Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act? (FERPA)
Student health and immunization records are protected under FERPA
Which of the following is correct regarding how the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) and the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) interact with each other?
FERPA supersedes the HIPAA Privacy Rule when school health records fit FERPA’s definition of “education records” or “Treatment Records”
In the majority of U.S. states and territories, which of these professions are identified as mandated reporters of child maltreatment?
School, health care, child care, mental health, and law enforcement employees
From birth to three years, children typically grow to reach ______ of their previous height; during puberty, they typically attain around ______ of their growth in height.
200%
25%
In a professional development (PD) for health educators, which of the following organizations offers a national PD conference for educational support professionals (ESPs)
The National Education Association (NES)
Which of the following is the most accurate regarding historical ideas about disease etiology?
Robert Koch first discovered evidence of microorganisms.
What diseases is not caused by the Epstein-Barr virus?
Infectious Hepatitus
What diseases ARE caused by the Epstein-Barr virus?
Burkitt’s Lymphoma
Infectious mononucleosis
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Exercise can prevent what diseases? (3)
Stroke
Osteoporosis
Heart Disease
What is accurate regarding modes of HIV transmission?
HIV cannot be transmitted genetically.
Nursing, perinatally, and oral sex (yes)
What is the biggest difference between type 1 and type 2 diabetes?
Type 1 = insulin insufficiency
Type 2 = insulin insensitivity
Among communicable diseases that most commonly cause death in emergency or disaster conditions, which one does not do so equally in all regions of the world?
Malaria
About 80% of all deaths from noncommunicable diseases are caused by four types of diseases. Which of these four types causes the majority of deaths?
Cardiovascular
Of the four types of diseases - cancer, cardiovascular, diabetes, respiratory - that cause the majority of deaths, which risk factor is not common to all four types?
Unsafe water
According to research by the WHO, the highest future increases in deaths are projected to be in African countries, with what as the leading cause?
Noncommunicable diseases
According to current research, what is true related to diabetes prevention?
Exercise in cooler temperatures can help glucose control
Among steps health educators can teach students to take after making poor decisions, which statement is MOST representative of one of these steps?
Students should tell parents and follow their guidance
Among eight steps that health educators can teach their students to follow in setting health goals, which should they do first?
Write down their long term and short term health goals
Among eight steps that health educators can teach their students to follow in setting health goals, which of the last four is MOST related to monitoring progress for accountability?
Using journals, diaries, charts, or graphs
How is cardiorespiratory endurance best defined?
The ability to perform dynamic exercises using large muscles over large times.
What is true of flexibility or range of motion?
Enhancing flexibility is important for realizing a variety of benefits
What does the Frequency, Intensity, Time, and Type (FITT) Principle represent in exercise science?
How often, hard, long, and kind of exercise
What food is classified into two food groups by the USDA?
Legumes (Vegetable + Protein)
We get ________ from _________ in our diet and _____________ from _____________
Energy from Carbohydrates
Amino Acids from Protein
For optimal exercising, how should our nutrition be distributed?
Greater than one-half from carbohydrates, less than one-fifth from protein, and less than one third from fat
People under stress are more likely to endure ____________ than to ________________.
Physical Pain
Quit Smoking, Drinking, or Drugs
Which statement best reflects expert recommendations of techniques for managing stress?
Adequate sleep is critical for minimizing and managing stress
Among the life skills of values clarification, decision-making, communication, and coping skills, which of the following responses to stressful life events MOST reflects decision-making skills?
Evaluating the pros and cons of the situation
What is the MOST accurate about interventions for decreasing tobacco use to control health risks?
Raising Tobacco prices and taxes is proven to work and be cost-effective
According to research studies, what is true about the impact of physical activity (PA) on health risks?
PA lowers heart disease, stroke, diabetes, colon and breast cancer risks
Among the following measures to lower health risks by limiting harmful alcohol use, which has research found effective?
Fewer stores and time for selling alcohol
Which of the following major muscles controls the chewing function of the jaws?
The masseter muscles
What is correct about the hormones that stimulate male and female organs to produce male and female sex hormones?
The same hormones stimulate both male and female organs to produce sex hormones.
In which human body system do the white cell blood cells function?
Lymphatic
Within personal hygiene, what is true about oral cancer?
Gum disease can cause serious disorders of the heart valves
Which statement is MOST accurate if someone neglects his or her personal hygiene? (Reasons - 3)
Depressions, preoccupation, or lack of awareness may be reasons
Of the following, which is accurate regarding personal hygiene in adolescence?
The majority of teens experience acne regardless of skin care habits.
What is a common misconception among teenagers that health educators should correct?
Conception will not occur without penetration and ejaculation inside the vagina.
Research shows that how many fatal auto crashes involve alcohol intoxication?
Nearly one-third
What is good advice for preventing sexual assault?
Park in open, well-lighted areas and check backseats in advance
How many deaths does smoking cigarettes cause annually in America compared to other causes?
More than alcohol, drugs, car accidents, HIV, and gunshots combined
What is a result of regular and substantial alcohol use?
It damages both the cardiovascular and central nervous systems
What is true about guidelines for making 911 calls?
Situations needing immediate help from police, fire, or ambulances merit 911 calls.
According to Bowen Family Systems Theory, when both partners in a couple project their expanding anxieties into their relations, this reflects which basic relationship pattern identified by Bowen?
The pattern of marital conflict
n the nuclear family emotional system, Dr. Murray Bowen describes his Family Systems Theory, which basic relationship pattern is represented if a parent shows excessive anxiety about a child, and the child responds by regressing to increased dependence and immature demands on the parent?
Impairment of a child (children)
What are the big five personality traits?
Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism, and Openness
In Hobfoll’s Conservation of Resources (COR) Theory of stress processes, which choice accurately represents one of four corollaries to two main principles?
Initially losing resources causes future losses
What has been found by research into teacher influence on children’s peer relationships as a social context factor?
Teachers who believe in and relate positively with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) children can modulate peer dislike of them.
What has research discovered about the adolescent decision-making process?
Real-life practice is necessary for teens to transfer cognitive skills to decisions
Decision-making models commonly require adolescents to develop certain skills. Which of these skill do they need to exercise first?
Defining which decisions they will have to make
What is accurate regarding the nature of decision-making for teenagers?
Social contexts change, hence, teens must evaluate and adjust their decisions
How do teenagers make decisions? (What influences them)
Feedback influences the decisions that adolescents make
Among emotional intelligence (EQ) skills, which one is most informed by the others?
Being able to resolve conflicts positively and confidently
Being able to resolve conflicts positively and confidently
EQ affects physical and mental health, school, and work performance, and relationships.
Among domains of development throughout life stages, what does Piaget’s theory focus most on?
Intellectual Development
According to Piaget’s developmental theory, when do children first achieve mental operations?
During sensorimotor stage
Erikson’s theory of development focuses MOST on a person’s relationship with which other aspect?
Society
In his developmental theory, what did Erikson identify as the positive outcome of successfully resolving the nuclear conflict of basic trust versus mistrust?
Hope
According to Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development, which ability must be achieved during the period of adolescence?
Identity
In interpersonal conversations, which main goals entail both the highest cognitive challenge and the highest quality of interaction? (3 goals)
Task Goals, Identity Goals, and Relationship Goals
What accurately represents findings about how stress interacts with interpersonal communications on health care and other important subjects?
Being able to explain a problem affords more control over it.
What correctly represents research findings and expert opinions on repressing emotions and thoughts?
Research has found that overly repressing communication exacerbates medical conditions
For discussing difficult subjects with others, which of these reflects expert advice?
“I” statements must be genuine, not automatic
What do experts recommend for adult children to bring up the topic of dying with aging parents?
It is better to use less personal springboards such as related TV news stories
When considering management and resolution, what is true?
Healthy relationships normally and integrally include conflicts
What do experts identify as the most accurate definition of conflict?
A conflict is a situation wherein somebody perceives some threat
What is recommended as a healthy way of approaching conflict?
Seeing mutual benefits in facing conflict directly.
How is assertiveness primarily characterized?
Not aggressive and not passive
responding in a balanced way that both respects the needs of others and clearly and appropriately expresses one’s own needs.
What is a recommended refusal strategy for children and teens?
Proposing alternative activities is coping effectively
Listening, reacting, engaging in eye contact, and thoroughly understanding prompts are all useful elements when nurturing a student’s ability to develop what broad skill?
Effective interaction
Which of the following statements is true related to gender or sexual identity?
Physiological gender is opposite to gender identity in some individuals
Regarding contraception methods, what is correct?
Condoms and spermicide must be used together
Vasectomy’s and tubal litigation are reversible
IUDs and Diaphragms are inserted by doctors
In abusive relationships, what is often true?
When an abuser apologizes and acts normal, he or she is manipulating the victim and will abuse again
Among tactics typically employed by domestic abusers to control their victims, what is destroying the victims property an example of?
Intimidation
Among signs of domestic abuse, physical violence, isolation, and psychological symptoms of being abused, what is most specifically a sign of domestic abuse?
Constantly reporting one’s locations and activities to the partner
Which statement is true about factors that influence a person’s mood and mental and emotional health?
In addition to promoting physical fitness, exercise improves mood and mental status
What has been found regarding risk factors for mental and emotional health?
Biological and environmental influences interact in mental and emotional risks
What is a sign that an individual may need to get help from a professional for emotional and mental health problems? (3)
Persistent insomnia
Pervasive depression
Difficulty concentrating
What media strategy used by the local health department targets individuals, policy makers, and the public?
A credible source communication strategy
Legally, who in the United States is responsible for preventing communicable diseases from being introduced, transmitted, and spread?
The U.S. Secretary of Health and Human Services
What is accurate concerning U.S. Laws governing immunizations?
Laws regulating child immunizations for public school vary in each state
What are some benefits of recycling?
Reducing Waste
Saving Energy
Conserving natural resources
reducing greenhouse gases, and creating jobs
What is accurate regarding the history of U.S. regulations addressing pollution?
Congress’s policy to prevent and reduce pollution is declared in the Pollution Prevention Act of 1990.
In the United States, which source produces the most carbon dioxide emissions?
Buildings that use electricity
Industry projections are that ___ people worldwide will use health care apps on smartphones by 2015, and ___ of smartphone and tablet users will have downloaded mobile health apps by 2018
500 million
one-half
Of the following health care professions, which in addition to physician often is able to prescribe medicine?
Physician Assistant
What do the American Red Cross and Planned Parenthood share in common?
Both are national nonprofit agencies with local chapters
The National Health Education Standards (NHES) were developed in response to what?
Standards being developed in education
When comparing federal Healthy People 2000, 2010, and 2020 initiatives, which applies MOST?
2000 - aimed to decrease health disparities
2010 - to eliminate them
2020 - to establish health equity
For delivering health awareness, education, and advocacy via mass media campaigns, which of these is true about using TV or radio as a medium?
Radio reaches more people altogether than TV does
Regarding opportunities for health education advocacy, which statement MOST accurately represents some of these venues?
Professional meetings and conferences exclude students
When health educators develop processes for integrating health education across the curriculum, they function as liaisons between or among who?
Teachers
Administrators
Curriculum Coordinators, and students
Teaching the idea that saturated fat in the diet contributes to heart disease is MOST developmentally appropriate to which stage of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development?
Formal Operations
Which of Howard Gardner’s multiple intelligence styles would learn best through group instructional activities?
Interpersonal
Which purpose can pretesting accomplish?
Determining where to begin
Evaluating the effectiveness of the instruction
Formative and summative learning assessments
To write learning objectives in planning health instruction, which of the following verbs represents a measurable student action?
Explain
What are the four categories of effective lesson plans in the correct sequence
Preparing students for learning
instruction
monitoring for comprehension
independent practice
What is true about statutory curriculum policies regarding health and physical education for schools in the United States.
All US States vary in requirements of health and physical education.
What is a valid claim when comparing Rosenshine and Stevens’ model of direct instruction with the Direct Instruction method of Englemann and colleagues?
Both teach explicitly, but only one is generic
Among competitive, individualistic, and cooperative learning models, which one uses criterion-referenced assessments rather than norm-referenced assessments.
Cooperative and individualistic learning models
Among the following instructional techniques, which is equally amendable to individual or multiple student work and also to student work with or without the teacher’s active involvement.
Brainstorming
In the reflective process of teaching, which tools would MOST help a teacher to self-analyze his or her own body language and movement within the classroom and adjust these to be more effective?
Video Recordings
Which of the following are used as formative assessments?
Curriculum-based measurement
What can be used as a formative or summative assessment?
Portfolio assessments
When should teachers and students primarily apply a rubric?
Before, during, and after learning
What is recommended for teachers to deal with an individual student who is always misbehaving in class?
Speaking with a student in private
Differentiating behavior versus the student
and then disciplining the student during class only when necessary.
