Practice Test 6 Errors Flashcards
hypnogogic versus hypnopompic state
hypnogogic = from wakeful to sleep state
hypnopompic = from sleep to waking
Moffitt’s theory of antisocial behavior - 2 types
based on DURATION of Sx, and TYPES OF OFFENSES
adolescent-limited: engage temporarily and with peers only in adolescence; less serious offenses
life-course persistent: engage at every stage of life; victim-oriented, more serious crimes
reliability vs. validity
reliability = consistency
validity = accuracy
Lazarus’ cognitive appraisal theory
primary: refers to one’s perception of situation ( +, -, or irrelevant)
secondary: assessment of available resources to deal with situation
reappraisal: watching situation and changing other two as necessary
transtheoretical model of behavior change
precontemplation (not ready) contemplation (getting ready) preparation (ready!) action maintenance
Thorndike Law of Effect
responses followed by pleasant consequences (satisfiers) are more likely to be repeated.
If followed by negative consequences (annoyers) are LESS likely to be repeated.
stepparent relationships research
stepfathers provide less support, less control, and less punishment than biological fathers (generally uninvolved with stepchildren)
hopelessness theory of depression
hopelessness is a PROXIMAL and SUFFICIENT cause of depression
Sternberg’s triarchal model of intelligence
componential (analytical): used to process information
experiential (creative): deals with unfamiliar events or information
practical (contextual): how you deal with your environment
Stages of Alzheimers
I. short term memory loss, depressed, apathetic, irritable; impaired judgment and attention
II. mood swings, inability to perform complex tasks; explicit memory loss;
III. lose speech; ability to recognize self and others; incontinence; ultimately bedridden
What are the four dimensions of the Health Belief Model? Which is most influential for making health-related decisions?
perceived: susceptibility severity benefits barriers -- most influential (inconvenience, expense, uncomfortableness, etc.)
What is the most frequently used scale for orientation?
Galveston Orientation & Amnesia Test (GOAT) – used to assess brain injury
Best practice psychological treatment for Alzheimers involves…
optimizing patient’s immediate environment (family support groups)
What is the focus of object relations therapy?
introjects: internalized images of significant others from past
For a diagnosis of Tourette’s a patient must have ___ motor tic(s) and ___ vocal tic(s).
MULTIPLE motor tics and AT LEAST ONE vocal tic
What is the WDEP system of psychotherapy?
used in Reality Therapy
W - identify WANTS and perceptions
D - DIRECTION or what client is DOING to get what they want
E - EVALUATE whether what they’re doing is getting them to their goal
P - creating a workable PLAN to make positive changes
3 categories of ODD symptoms
angry/irritable mood
argumentative/defiant behavior
vindictiveness
According to cognitive dissonance theory, we are most likely to change our ____ to match our ____.
We change our ATTITUDES to match our BEHAVIORS.
psychoanalytic defense mechanisms
denial: rejects a threatening fact that is true, even in the face of overwhelming evidence to support it
repression: most basic defense mechanism, involves excluding an unacceptable impulse from consciousness
reaction formation: one perceives an anxiety-provoking impulse or feeling as its opposite, such as by turning love into aggression
sublimation: the person rechannels socially unacceptable impulses into socially useful activity, such as art or work; this is considered the healthiest and most successful defense mechanism
