Practice Test 1

Question 1

What is a Protic Solvent?

Answer 1

Protic solvents have Hydrogen attached to electronegative atoms such as O & N. These solvents contain highly polarized bonds in which the hydrogen has proton-like character & can interact particularly strong with anionic nucleophiles. These interactions are called hydrogen bonds.
Solvents not able to hydrogen bond are called aprotic.

Question 2

What factors influence boiling point?

Answer 2

Chain length
hydrogen bonding
Branching degree

Question 3

What is tautomerization?

Answer 3

The conversion of an enol to a ketone by protonation at the carbon atom at the double bond and deprotonation at the oxygen atom.
Tautomers difference from each other in the location of atoms as well as of electrons and thus not resonance contributors.

Question 4

What is an iodoform test and what gives a positive result?

Answer 4

The iodoform reaction is useful in qualitative analysis as a test for methyl ketones and compounds that can be oxidized to methyl ketones.
Acetaldehyde is the only compound that gives a positive test, while ethanol the only primary alcohol to do so.
A positive iodoform test yields a yellow color of methyl iodide (CH3I) which is very insoluble in water.

Question 5

For a diene to be able to undergo Diels alder reaction it must

Answer 5

be able to adopt the s-Cis configuration.

Question 6

Na+ is NOT an electrophile because

Answer 6

it does not readily form a covalent bond with a nucleophile

Question 7

Why would concentrated hydrochloric acid be an inappropriate catalyst for the dehydration of alcohols?

Answer 7

The chloride counter ion of HCl is a good nucleophile and would attack the carbonation to form a stable alkyl chloride product