Practice Test 1

Question 1

Which of the following cells are used by plants to absorb minerals/copper

Answer 1

The epidermis of plants.

the root hairs are the epidermis that are extensions.

Question 2

What is oncology?

Answer 2

study of treatment of tumors

Question 3

What are renal arteries?

Answer 3

arises off the side of abdominal aorta

Supplies kidney with blood

Question 4

Pulmonary artery

Answer 4

These contain oxygen poor blood

Question 5

Pulmonary Vein

Answer 5

These contains oxygen rich blood

Question 6

Predominant site of B lymphocyte production?

Answer 6

The bone marrow. Lymphocytes are white blood cells

Question 7

Importance of bone marrow?

Answer 7

Site where all blood cells are made

both white blood cells and red blood cells

Question 8

Importance of Thymus

Answer 8

Site where T cells mature

Question 9

Importance of spleen?

Answer 9

1. largest lymphoid organ
2. Contains variety of leukocytes
3. Protects blood stream NOT TISSUES
4. removes old red blood cells

Question 10

Vibrio shape bacteria common disease and characteristics?

Answer 10

1. causes cholera
2. they are gram negative
3. facultative anaerobic

Question 11

what is pharynx

Answer 11

The pharynx is the part of the digestive system situated posterior to the nasal and oral cavities and posterior to the larynx

Question 12

Order in which food goes down ?

Answer 12

From your mouth - pharynx - esophagus - stomach

Question 13

function of epiglottis?

Answer 13

keeps food from going into your windpipe

Question 14

purpose of aldosterone?

Answer 14

Mineralocorticoids such as aldosterone help maintain the balance between water and salts in the body, predominantly exerting their effects within the kidney.

Question 15

sexual dimorphism

Answer 15

phenotype difference between male and female

Question 16

when does a population experiences stabilizing selection

Answer 16

When selective pressures select against the two extremes of a trait,
tree too tall breaks against wind
tree too short doesn’t get enough sunlight

Question 17

What is the eustachian canal

Answer 17

1. connects nasopharynx to middle ear

regulates the pressure within the middle ear, equalizing it with the air pressure outside the body.

Question 18

What tissue is the golgi apparatus most abundant in?

Answer 18

abundant in tissues that carry out secretions like

1. liver
2. plasma cells

Question 19

what tissue is the mitochondria abundant in?

Answer 19

Muscle tissue

Question 20

What are erythrocytes?

Answer 20

red blood cells

Question 21

function of dendrites?

Answer 21

increase surface area for signal transmission

Question 22

What is function of gallbladder?

Answer 22

The gallbladder holds bile produced in the liver until it is needed for digesting fatty foods in the duodenum of the small intestine.

Question 23

What is blood-letting?

Answer 23

withdrawal of blood to cure disease

Question 24

What diffusion?

Answer 24

form of passive transport
Refers to the tendency of molecules to spread from areas of high conc to low conc to reach equal conc.
Driven by concentration gradient

Question 25

What is osmosis?

Answer 25

Form of passive transport

Movement of water across cell membrane

Question 26

isotonic

Answer 26

equal salt concentration inside and outside cell

Question 27

hypotonic

Answer 27

salt concentration outside cell is less than inside cell

Water moves into the cell causing it to swell

Question 28

hypertonic

Answer 28

salt concentration inside cell is greater than outside cell

water moves out of cell causing it to shrink

Question 29

What is active transport?

Answer 29

1, involves transmembrane proteins acting as pumps
2. ATP is req to bring materials into cell or pumping out materials such as ions to maintain UNEQUAL CONC
(neurons with sodium and potassium)

Question 30

What is endocytosis?

Answer 30

Method that allows cell to bring in specific material that it needs

Question 31

What is receptor-mediated endocytosis?

Answer 31

1. molecule binds to a receptor on surface of cell

2. triggers receptor and the material bound to it will be pulled through into the cell

Question 32

What is phagocytosis?

Answer 32

cell engulfs SOLID materials

1. Brings it in through cell membrane and breaks it down
2. ex: white blood cell ingesting bacteria

Question 33

What is pinocytosis?

Answer 33

Cell engulfs LIQUID material

Question 34

What is exocytosis?

Answer 34

Something from inside of cell is released to the outside.

Question 35

what is microvilli?

Answer 35

1. Cells may have slender extensions of the cell membrane to form cilia or the smaller extensions called microvilli.
2. microvilli effectively increase the surface area of the cell and are useful for absorption and secretion functions.

Question 36

What is pilli? what type of organism is it typically found in?

Answer 36

1. gene transfer and attachment to surfaces.

2. found only in prokaryotes

Question 37

What is amylase

Answer 37

enzyme found in saliva and pancreatic fluids

converts starch and glycogen into simple sugars.

Question 38

what did edward jenner do

Answer 38

he made smallpox vaccine

Question 39

how can movement in different directions be achieved?

Answer 39

by the action pairs of opposing muscles.

Question 40

What organelles are responsible for synthesis of proteins

Answer 40

Ribosomes

Question 41

what do eosinophils specialized to fight against?

Answer 41

fights against parasites

Question 42

function of thyroxin

Answer 42

regulating the body’s metabolic rate, 
heart and digestive functions, 
muscle control, 
brain development  
maintenance of bones