practice quizzes

Question 0

the term “maximal oxygen uptake” was introduced in 1924 by?

Answer 0

A.V. Hill

Question 1

which scientists whose research work involved muscle or muscular exercise were awarded a Nobel Prize?

Answer 1

A.V. Hill
August Krogh
Otto Meyerhof

Question 2

Otto Meyerhof is recognized for his work on what?

Answer 2

oxygen uptake and lactic acid production in muscle

Question 3

The scientist who developed a respiratory gas analyzer that bears his name is?

Answer 3

August Krogh

Question 4

Two European scientists who did pioneering work in the role of VO2 max and lactic acid in the control of breathing during exercise were

Answer 4

C.G. Douglas and J.S. Haldane

Question 5

The Harvard Fatigue Laboratory was open from 1927 to 1947. T/F?

Answer 5

true

Question 6

Dr. D.B. Dill’s classic exercise physiology text is….

Answer 6

The Harvard Fatigue Laboratory

Question 7

A fellow of the Harvard Fatigue Laboratory who developed the chemical gas analyzer was…

Answer 7

Peter F. Scholander

Question 8

President Kennedy expressed concerns about the nation’s fitness in an article called…

Answer 8

The Soft American

Question 9

The surgeon general’s report suggested that physical activity was shown to…..

Answer 9

reduce the risk of death from heart disease
lower the risk of diabetes
help maintain weight

Question 10

approximately __________ of Americans do not participate in any physical activity

Answer 10

25%

Question 11

The acronym ACSM stands for……

Answer 11

the American College of Sports Medicine

Question 12

Which journal did the American Physiology Society publish in 1948 to bring together work in exercise and environmental physiology?

Answer 12

Journal of Applied Physiology

Question 13

In 1969, ACSM first published the research journal ______

Answer 13

Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise

Question 14

the term “basic research” usually refers to

Answer 14

examining the mechanisms underlying a physiological issue

Question 15

the term “applied research” usually refers to ________

Answer 15

describing the responses of persons to exercise, environmental factors, and nutritional factors

Question 16

exercise physiology research is moving along a continuum to the domain of ____

Answer 16

cell biology

Question 17

the nervous system can be divided into

Answer 17

central and peripheral
autonomic and somatic
sensory and motor

Question 18

the axon carries the action potential ______ from the nerve cell body

Answer 18

away

Question 19

the discontinuous sheath that covers the outside of most axons is _______

Answer 19

myelin

Question 20

the resting membrane potential of a neuron is generally _______

Answer 20

-40 to -75 mv

Question 21

the resting membrane potential is maintained by __________

Answer 21

sodium/potassium pump

Question 22

the first step of the generation of an action potential is

Answer 22

the entry of sodium into the cell

Question 23

neurotransmitters that cause depolarization of membranes are called?

Answer 23

temporal summation

Question 24

proprioceptors include

Answer 24

muscle spindles Golgi tendon organs joint receptors

Question 25

the withdrawal reflex results in

Answer 25

contraction of flexor muscles on the side stimulated

Question 26

slow, controlled movements are generated by the

Answer 26

basal ganglia

Question 27

evidence exists to suggest that the control of movement in response to feedback from proprioceptors is carried out by the

Answer 27

cerebellum

Question 28

the first step in performing a voluntary movement is thought to occur in the

Answer 28

subcortical and cortical areas

Question 29

neurons in the _____ division of the autonomic nervous system arise from the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord

Answer 29

sympathetic

Question 30

the neurotransmitter released at the effector organ by the sympathetic nervous system is primarily _______

Answer 30

norepinephrine

Question 31

repolarization occurs due to

Answer 31

increased permeability to potassium and decreased permeability to sodium

Question 32

synaptic transmission occurs when

Answer 32

sufficient amounts of neurotransmitters are released

Question 33

regular exercise results in improved health through the production of

Answer 33

brain growth factors

Question 34

the motor cortex controls motor activity with the aid of input from the

Answer 34

subcortical areas

Question 35

a muscle responsible for fine movement would have a _____ innervation ratio compared to a muscle involved in forceful movements

Answer 35

lower

Question 36

the ______ functions as a length detector in muscle

Answer 36

pacinian corpuscle

Question 37

a slow stretch on a muscle would result in muscle relaxation via the

Answer 37

Golgi tendon organ

Question 38

the striated appearance of skeletal muscle is due to the _____

Answer 38

arrangement of actin and myosin

Question 39

sarcomeres are divided from each separated other by

Answer 39

Z lines

Question 40

muscle fibers contract by the shortening of _____

Answer 40

their Z line to Z line distance

Question 41

which of the following occurs during muscle contraction?

Answer 41

H zone narrows

Question 42

the energy for muscular contraction comes from ______

Answer 42

the breakdown of ATP by myosin ATPase

Question 43

muscle fibers with a relatively small low number of mitochondria are

Answer 43

fast-twitch fibers

Question 44

the red pigment of type 1 fibers is due to _____

Answer 44

myoglobin

Question 45

the predominant muscle fiber of non-athletes is ______

Answer 45

type II

Question 46

what muscle fiber types would you expect to see in elite athletes

Answer 46

25-30% type I, 70-75% type II

Question 47

endurance training results may result in conversion of muscle fibers from

Answer 47

type IIx to type IIa

Question 48

a contraction where a muscle exerts tension but does not shorten in length is an _______

Answer 48

isometric contraction

Question 49

the amount of force generated by a muscle fiber depends primarily on

Answer 49

number of actin/myosin cross bridges in contact

Question 50

the velocity of muscle contraction is greatest when

Answer 50

the load on the muscle is low

Question 51

the amount of force generated by a group of muscles depends on

Answer 51

the type and number of motor units recruited the initial length of the muscle the nature of the neural stimulation the frequency of stimulation

Question 52

during exercise, muscular contractions are stimulated by

Answer 52

summation of excessive twitches

Question 53

the increase in muscle mass as a result of resistance training is due primarily to

Answer 53

hypertrophy

Question 54

the loss of muscle mass in aging humans is often due to

Answer 54

atrophy due to disuse

Question 55

from age 25 to 50 years the muscle mass lost is around

Answer 55

10%

Question 56

the muscle spindle acts directly on the

Answer 56

muscle

Question 57

resistance training in the elderly can prevent further muscle loss, but cannot improve during endurance T/F

Answer 57

false

Question 58

when comparing contractile properties of muscle fibers, which characteristic (s) is/are

Answer 58

maximal force production speed of contraction muscle fiber efficiency

Question 59

the fastest muscle fiber in humans is

Answer 59

type IIx

Question 60

type IIx fibers have

Answer 60

limited capacity for aerobic metabolism

Question 61

In determining muscle fiber type, fibers with the lowest myosin ATPase activity are

Answer 61

type I

Question 62

type II x fibers have

Answer 62

limited capacity for aerobic metabolism

Question 63

in the resting state, the myosin cross-bridges

Answer 63

remain connected to actin in a weak binding state

Question 64

the contraction cycle can continue as long as there is

Answer 64

ADP present both a and b (calcium present, ATP present)