Practice Quiz - Alt Of Endo Function 2

Question 1

What is the cause of Type 1 DM?

Answer 1

Autoimmune response that targets the beta cells in the pancreas

Question 2

The symptom of glycosuria in DM is best explained by which of the following mechanisms?

Answer 2

The transport maximum for glucose reabsorption is reached which stimulates the process of osmotic diuresis

Question 3

An acute insulin deficiency causes potassium to shift into cells resulting in hypoalkemia

Answer 3

False - presence of insulin stimulates glucose uptake into cells = hyperglycemia

Question 4

Why do individuals with type 1 DM produce ketones

Answer 4

Insulin deficiency leads to the breakdown of fat/lipids in adipose tissue

Question 5

Bobby Davies, 12 y.o. Male, newly diagnosed with type 1 DM. His blood glucose level is 280 mg/dL (normal is 70-110 mg/dL). The signs and symptoms of DM you would expect Bobby to exhibit include:

Answer 5

Polydipsia and polyuria

Question 6

Which of the following is a risk factor for hypoglycemia among type 1 diabetics?

Answer 6

Taking insulin and not eating

Can result in hypoglycemia

Question 7

Type 1 diabetics who experience repeated episodes of hypoglycemia often miss the early warning signs of hypoglycemia because:

Answer 7

The early autonomic warning signs are not activated

Question 8

19 y.o. Susan Lee has type 1 DM. She is admitted to the hospital with lab values of: plasma glucose 500 mg/dL (high); urine glucose 4+ (high); arterial pH 7.20 (low). Her parents state that she has been sick with the “flu” for a week. Which of the following statements best explains her circumstances?

Answer 8

The stress of her viral illness has caused ketoacidosis

Question 9

Type 1 DM is mainly a result of genetics, whereas the causes of type 2 diabetes are mainly environmental.

Answer 9

False

Question 10

The pathophysiology of type 2 DM involves:

Answer 10

Down regulation of insulin receptors

Question 11

In addition to hyperglycemia, what other condition often develops in type 2 diabetics?

Answer 11

Dyslipidemia

Question 12

Which of the following pathophysiological features is present in the hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome (HHNKS)?

Answer 12

Profound dehydration

Question 13

Management of DM involves measuring glycosylated hemoglobin (hemoglobin A1c) levels. The purpose of this test is to:

Answer 13

Monitor long-term glucose control

Question 14

Chronic complications of type 1 and 2 DM such as retinopathy and nephropathy are primarily related to:

Answer 14

Chronic, uncontrolled hyperglycemia