Practice quiz 2

Question 1

Edmund Burke’s belief that government should not attempt to change society, but that government should merely reflect changes that have already taken place in society helped shape this theoretical movement.

Answer 1

traditional conservatism

Question 2

This Florentine statesman ruled Florence during the Italian Renaissance. Machiavelli sought to curry favor with his family when writing The Prince.

Answer 2

Lorenzo De’Medici

Question 3

Which political theorist stated that “Man is born free, and yet we see him everywhere in chains”?

Answer 3

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Question 4

Machiavelli asserted that The Prince can best lead by applying the finest traits associated with these two members of the animal kingdom.

Answer 4

fox and lion

Question 5

Machiavelli’s theory is considered:

Answer 5

Amoral, because he advocates removing morality from political equations altogether

Question 6

Which of the following people is associated with realism, a theory within international relations that argues that states should maximize their power in order to deter foreign aggression?

Answer 6

All of the above

Question 7

Which of the following leaders offers an example of Machiavelli’s advice to use violence to enhance political power?

Answer 7

all of the above (Cesar Borgia, general Hannibal, Saddam hussein, Kim Jong-un)

Question 8

According to Hobbes, which of the following cause quarrels in the state of nature?

Answer 8

All of the above (competition, diffidence, glory)

Question 9

This political theorist argued that political power should be viewed as a means to prevent chaos and warfare.

Answer 9

Thomas Hobbes

Question 10

This school of thought in international relations is linked with Machiavelli and Hobbes and emphasizes the furtherance of national interests and military security.

Answer 10

realism

Question 11

His theory believes that all conflict in society occurs because of class conflict that results from capitalism.

Answer 11

Karl Marx

Question 12

Which of the following people is associated with liberalism, a theory within international relations that asserts humans can exist in nonviolent and cooperative political structures?

Answer 12

All of the above

Question 13

This social and political movement primarily seeks to prevent the further deterioration of our natural resources.

Answer 13

Environmentalism

Question 14

This modern country’s leader named Kim Jong Un is regarded by some as a ruthless leader because reports indicate that he keeps approximately 200,000 political prisoners in gulags where they are forced to work 12–15 hours per day and because many of these prisoners ultimately die of malnutrition.

Answer 14

North Korea

Question 15

The ancient political theory of Plato and Aristotle often focused on an understanding of justice to help explain politics, whereas the modern political theory of Machiavelli and Hobbes focuses on the concept of ______.

Answer 15

power

Question 16

When Bill Clinton advised Democrats after the 2002 mid-term elections that the people, when insecure, would “rather have someone who is strong and wrong than someone who’s weak and right,” he echoed Machiavelli’s advice that a prince should never appear

Answer 16

indecisive

Question 17

John Locke believed in the concept of tabula rasa. What does tabula rasa mean?

Answer 17

People are born with a blank slate and can only know what they learn from their experiences.

Question 18

Just as Galileo used science to prove Copernicus’s theory that the sun was the center of the universe, so did Hobbes attempt to use science to prove the correctness of whose theory of power?

Answer 18

Machiavelli’s

Question 19

Which of the following best describes Machiavelli’s economy of violence theory?

Answer 19

Leaders should only use violence when necessary because violence wrongfully implemented could diminish the prince’s power.

Question 20

John Locke argued that the most important role of government is to protect

Answer 20

individual rights, especially the right to own property.

Question 21

This eighteenth century female theorist authored the Vindication of the Rights of Women and argued for equal education and equal rights for women.

Answer 21

Mary Wollstonecraft

Question 22

One of Machiavelli’s motivations for writing The Prince was to offer needed advice on power and leadership in order to bring about Italian unification of the five Italian city-states. Which was NOT one of the five Italian city-states?

Answer 22

Alexandria

Question 23

This political strategist in George W. Bush’s administration was known by colleagues as the Mayberry Machiavelli.

Answer 23

Karl Rove

Question 24

Thomas Hobbes was a nominalist, someone who believes that:

Answer 24

all of the above

Question 25

John Locke’s Two Treatises of Government directly challenges the self-interested view of human nature and the authoritarian political theory of which theorist?

Answer 25

Thomas Hobbes

Question 26

In 2009, this country’s Supreme Religious leader’s reputation was tarnished when he endorsed the electoral victory of the incumbent President Mahmoud Ahmadininejad while thousands took to the streets to protest the integrity of the election.

Answer 26

iran

Question 27

Thomas Hobbes argues that life in the precontract state was

Answer 27

solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short.

Question 28

Thomas Hobbes advocated for which type of government?

Answer 28

Strong authoritarian government

Question 29

Why did Machiavelli advise that leaders should create a state religion?

Answer 29

Because religious authority can help fortify the power of the prince

Question 30

This type of theory most closely linked with Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau typically provides an observation on human nature, an observation on problems that arise because of a lack of government, and recommends a best form of government.

Answer 30

Social contract theory

Question 31

This theoretical movement began in earnest in the mid-nineteenth century and called for social, political, economic, and familial equality between men and women.

Answer 31

Feminism

Question 32

This political theorist argued that all human nature is driven by our pursuit of pleasures and an avoidance of pain.

Answer 32

Thomas Hobbes

Question 33

which of these is not a social contract theorist

Answer 33

machievchelli

Question 34

John Locke advocated for what type of government?

Answer 34

Representative democracy

Question 35

This political theorist authored A Social Contract and advocated for a direct democracy. He had a major influence on the French Revolution.

Answer 35

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Question 36

The Declaration of Sentiments is a feminist document created at the Seneca Falls Convention in 1848 that argued for the equality of women. Which historical document was used as a template for the document?

Answer 36

The U.S. Declaration of Independence

Question 37

This ideology advocates for a limited government and for greater individual liberties at the political, social, and economic levels of society. This movement also inspired both the American and French Revolutions.

Answer 37

classical liberalism

Question 38

Political theorists who are less interested in the way politics “ought” to be and more interested in studying politics as it is actually practiced follow this approach.

Answer 38

empirical theory

Question 39

Which of the following is NOT one of the issues analyzed by all three major social contract theorists?

Answer 39

women’s suffrage

Question 40

Thomas Hobbes argued that human behavior is

Answer 40

all of the above

Question 41

Machiavelli is considered to be an amoral theorist. Why is he characterized this way?

Answer 41

Because he believes morality should be removed from all political decisions

Question 42

Which best describes John Locke’s view of the precontract state?

Answer 42

The state of nature is largely cooperative and guided by natural laws.

Question 43

__________ contemporary leader(s) have acted in accordance with the teachings of Machiavelli according to the text

Answer 43

Both A and B.

Question 44

Jean-Jacques Rousseau advocated for what type of government?

Answer 44

Direct Democracy

Question 45

Which of these political situations would NOT be considered a latter-day example of Machiavelli’s theories on gaining and maintaining political power?

Answer 45

all of the above are reflective

Question 46

Which U.S. Constitutional amendment made it illegal for any state to deny voting rights on the basis of gender?

Answer 46

nineteenth amendment

Question 47

Which statement about contemporary voter behavior is true?

Answer 47

Answers C and D are true

Question 48

Machiavelli proposes that the prince who possesses the strength of a lion and the cunning of a fox will be able to control the people through the use of:

Answer 48

a and c (force and threats)

Question 49

Machiavelli asserts that power can be exercised in which of the following ways?

Answer 49

all of the above