Practice Quiz 1 Flashcards
A political philosophy that tends to support traditional values and advocates change only in moderation is referred to as
conservatism
Ancient political thinkers like Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle believed that political power
should be applied as a means to the ends of social justice.
This political system includes a form of government whereby a king or queen holds absolute or limited power, usually inherited.
Monarchy
An economic system in which the means of production, such as land and factories, are privately owned and operated for profit is referred to as
capitalism.
If I believe that all government is corrupt and that organized authority should be abolished, I am a(n)
anarchist.
The theory of the political, economic, and social equality of the sexes is referred to as
feminism
This methodological approach within political science avoids numerical or quantitative analysis, seeking value judgments instead.
Traditionalism
What is the process by which citizens develop the values, attitudes, beliefs, and opinions that enable them to support the political system?
Political socialization
Which social contract theorists thought power should be centralized in an authoritarian government
Thomas Hobbes
Known by some as the American Machiavelli, ____________ argued that presidents must above all else have the political skills to “persuade” the “Washington establishment” and the American public to act on their agenda.
Richard Neustadt
Which of the following statements about youth voting behavior is true?
Young women vote in higher percentages than young men.
Nations exert ________________ when they compel other nations to modify their behavior through military and/or economic force.
hard power
This political ideology believes that government should not interfere in the economic or social life of people except to provide police and military protection.
Libertarianism
Which of the following is NOT a social contract theorist
Machiavelli
_______________ classic text __________________ sets out to prove the correctness of Machiavelli’s contention that power rather than justice is the most important variable in studying politics.
Thomas Hobbes’; The Leviathan
According to the text political science in many respects is concerned with the study of
power
__________________ are surveys taken that provide a useful way of showing how different groups view certain political issues.
public opinion polls
When a social science researcher makes an educated guess based on previously understood facts, he/she is making a(an)
hypothesis.
This political belief holds that war is never justified and that all disputes should be settled peacefully.
pacifism
Political theorists who study human nature, problems that naturally arise in nature, and then recommend a political system to best address these problems are referred to as
social contract theorists.
John Locke endorsed the belief in a(n) ______________ form of government.
limited
A person who believes it is the duty of government to ameliorate social conditions and create a more equitable society is a _______.
Liberal
A society in which power is wielded by those who deserve it, based on their talents, industry, and success in competition rather than through membership of a certain social class or possession of wealth is referred to as a(an)
meritocracy
_______________ refer to some of the ways people are categorized (e.g., 18–24 year olds, Catholic, people of color, and so on).
demographics
This form of government grants almost all power to an individual leader.
Autocracy
In 2011, the grassroots revolt against Middle Eastern autocrats, known as the Arab Spring, was inspired by
a 26-year-old Tunisian named Mohammed Bouazizi who set himself on fire to protest political corruption.
This type of political system is ruled by the wealthy or a group of wealthy people who control or influence the government.
Plutocracy
Those advocating a ________ approach argue that to fight terrorism in Afghanistan, the United States must assist in Afghanistan’s economic and political development.
Counterinsurgency
This political theorist had a strong influence on Thomas Jefferson when he penned the U.S. Declaration of Independence.
John locke
The political system under which the economy, property, and major industries is controlled and directed by the state is referred to as
communism
The ________________ refers to the democratic movements that have spread across the Middle East in 2011.
Arab Spring
An example of a state threatening to cut off economic aid to another state in order to achieve a desired objective is an example of
hard power
Political scientists who use this methodological approach use mathematical or statistical models to explain different kinds of political and social behavior, without a strong commitment to values.
behavioralism
A state or government that is run by priests or clergy is known as a
theocracy
Which of the following is NOT an element of fascism?
libertarianism
Which of the following statements about 18–24 year old voting turnout rates in the 2008 presidential election is true?
As a percentage, young African Americans turned out in higher numbers than Caucasians.
Which Italian political theorist argued in The Prince that power is the key unit of analysis in politics?
niccolo machiavelli
“We hold these truths to be self-evident that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness.” This famous quote comes from
Thomas Jefferson in the Declaration of Independence.
Political power can be broadly defined as
the ability to get others to do what they would not do on their own.
He argued for a representative democracy where government possesses limited powers and where the selected representatives make decisions on their behalf.
John locke
The most dramatic predictor of whether a young person is likely to vote is _______.
Educational attainment
Political scientists who use this methodological approach link experimental and quantitative data-driven analysis to an ethical responsibility to ask important questions affecting citizens.
postbehavioralism
Harold Lasswell has defined politics as
who gets what, when, and how.
______________ are considered social contract thinkers.
John Locke, Thomas Hobbes, and Jean Jacques Rousseau
Which term best describes the pursuit of political aims by means of violence and intimidation?
terrorism
Appointed by former United States President Ronald Reagan, _____________ was the first female member of the U. S. Supreme Court.
Sandra Day O’Connor
Socrates, Plato and Aristotle thought the wisest and most ethical members of society should be leaders because
both A and B
Niccolo Machiavelli’s book is entitled
the prince
Which term best describes a political system controlled by a particular religious entity?
theocracy
Social sciences seek to understand _________ and include _________.
