Practice questions lectures week 1

Question 1

Hypertrophy is:

a) Either the increase in size by increase of cell size OR increase of cell number
b) Seen typically in organs that show little mitotic activity
c) Is a precancerous condition
d) Is irreversible

Answer 1

b) Seen typically in organs that show little mitotic activity

Question 2

The main differences between necrosis and apoptosis are

1) the effect on inflammation
2) the number of involved cells
3) the role in physiology
4) the role in disease
5) the initiation from within the cell

A) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 are correct
B) 1, 3, 4, and 5 are correct
C) 1, 2, 3, and 5 are correct
D) 1, 2 and 3 are correct

Answer 2

C) 1, 2, 3, and 5 are correct

Question 3

Bcl-2
A) Is pro-apoptotic
B) Is involved in the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis C) Is balanced with Bcl-XL
D) Is mutated in follicular lymphoma

Answer 3

B) Is involved in the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis

Question 4

Telomerase
A) Containes an RNA component in its complex
B) Can lengthen telomeres
C) Is continuously expressed in germ cells
D) All given possibilities are right

Answer 4

D) All given possibilities are right

Question 5

Which of the causes of edema mentioned below hardly plays any role?
A) Increased arterial pressure
B) Increased pressure in the venous system
C) Decreased level of serum proteins
D) Obstruction of lymphatic drainage

Answer 5

A) Increased arterial pressure

Question 6

What factor/situation does NOT cause decreased coagulation?
A) a platelet dysfunction, such as Von Willebrand’s disease
B) factor V Leiden
C) increased consumption of clotting factors
D) aspirin use

Answer 6

B) factor V Leiden

Question 7

What is NOT a potential effect of a pulmonary embolus
A) that nothing happens 
B) death
C) systemic hypertension 
D) a pulmonary infarction

Answer 7

C) systemic hypertension

Question 8

Match the molecule with the function. What combination is right?
A) P-selectin – rolling (over endothelium)
B) E-selectin – stable adhesion
C) I-CAM – extravasation from blood vessel
D) V-CAM – phagocytosis

Answer 8

A) P-selectin – rolling (over endothelium)

Question 9

Which statement is correct?
A) Macrophages have NADPH oxidase
B) Neutrophils have NADPH oxidase
C) For the activity of myeloperoxidase chloride ions are necessary
D) Alle drie de mogelijkheden zijn juist

Answer 9

D) Alle drie de mogelijkheden zijn juist

Question 10

Which of the below statements about damage to the surroundings during an inflammation is INCORRECT?
A) The size of the object to be phagocytized plays a role in collateral damage
B) Only with phagocytosis of certain bacteria release of lysosomal enzymes occurs
C) Death of granulocytes is an important cause of damage
D) If phagocytosis goes very quickly collateral damage can occur

Answer 10

B) Only with phagocytosis of certain bacteria release of lysosomal enzymes occurs

Question 11

With which form of inflammation there are relatively few inflammatory cells
A) serous inflammation
B) fibrinous inflammation
C) purulent inflammation
D) ulcerative inflammation

Answer 11

A) serous inflammation