Practice questions Flashcards
Which of the following molecular phenomena is (are) thought to be less pronouned in SPMS compared to RRMS
A. T cell priming in the peripheral lymphoid tissue
B. infiltration of B cells in the CNS
C. axon degeneration
D. A and B
E. A,B,C
D
administration of which of the following would lead to increased levels of dopamine in the striatum
A. Rotigotine
B. benztropine
C. Selegiline
D. pramipexole
E. ropinirole
C
Which of the following brain structures is directly invovled in controlling involuntary functions
A. hyothalamus
B. thalamus
C. Medulla oblongata
D. A,B, and C
E. A and C
E
Which of the following drugs acts in both the periphery and the CNS
A. Dimethyl Fumarate
B. Natalizumab
C. Rituximab
D. teriflunomide
E. None of the above
A
Which of the following statements is true
Which of the following statements is TRUE?
(A) Tiagabine inhibits GABA transaminase.
(B) Gabapentin increases Cl- influx in postsynaptic neurons.
(C) Topiramate is an NMDA receptor antagonist.
(D) Phenytoin is stabilized by the co-administration of carbamazepine
B
Which of the following types of convulsions can be preceded by an aura phase?
(A) typical absence (petit-mal)
(B) primary generalized tonic-clonic (grand-mal)
(C) focal to bilateral (secondary generalized) tonic-clonic
(D) all of the above
C
Which of the following occurs during the hyperpolarization phase of a PDS?
(A) influx of Cl- ions resulting from GABA
(B) influx of K+ through voltage- and calcium-dependent K+ channels
(C) activation of NMDA receptors
(D) all of the above
A
Which type of glial cell provides support for the blood brain barrier?
A. astrocytes
B. microglia
C. oligodendrocytes
D. all of the above
A
Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Glutamate causes neuronal damage by triggering excessive Cl- influx.
B. Depression involves a deficit of norepinephrine or serotonin signaling.
C. SERT inhibitors cause a decrease in serotonin in the synaptic cleft.
D. Parkinson’s disease involves an excess of dopaminergic signaling.
B
Macrophages harm oligodendrocytes in MS patients by releasing each of the
following EXCEPT:
A. glutamate
B. reactive oxygen species
C. OPC pro-migratory factors
D. reactive nitrogen species
C
Each of the following is an appropriate strategy to treat MS patients EXCEPT:
A. antibody-mediated targeting of α4-integrin
B. stimulation of the complement system
C. antibody-mediated targeting of T-cell-derived cytokines
D. peptide-mediated disruption of antigen-presenting cell (APC)-T-cell interactions
B
- Each of the following MS drugs carries out its protective function in both the periphery
and CNS EXCEPT:
A. siponimod
B. dimethylfumarate
C. glatiramer acetate
D. fingolimod
c
Each of the following MS drugs acts by reducing the number of peripheral
lymphocytes via effects on DNA metabolism/synthesis EXCEPT:
A. cladribine
B. mitoxantrone
C. teriflunomide
D. ozanimod
D
Which of the following MS drugs is least likely to have its efficacy reduced by the
induction of neutralizing antibodies in the host patient?
A. ponesimod
B. IFN-β1a
C. natalizumab
D. rituximab
A
Which of the following changes in nigrostriatal neurotransmission leads to an increase in
thalamocortical signaling?
A. an increase in dopamine neurotransmission through both the direct (D1 receptor) and
indirect (D2 receptor) pathways
B. a decrease in dopamine neurotransmission through both the direct (D1 receptor) and
indirect (D2 receptor) pathways
C. an increase in dopamine neurotransmission through the direct (D1 receptor) pathway,
and a decrease in dopamine neurotransmission through the indirect (D2 receptor)
pathway
D. a decrease in dopamine neurotransmission through the direct (D1 receptor) pathway, and
an increase in dopamine neurotransmission through the indirect (D2 receptor) pathway
A
