Practice Paper Questions Flashcards
Why is transpiration important?
Supply mineral ions
Prevent wilting
Cools the plant
Water for photosynthesis
How are insect pollinated flowers different to wind pollinated?
- colourful
- large petals
- enclosed anther and stigma
How does stomata help in the transport in plants?
- allows diffusion
- creates transpiration pull
- osmosis
- water absorbed by root
How does the palisade mesophyll help in photosynthesis?
It is densely packed to have many chlorophyll
How is the spongy mesophyll adapted for photosynthesis?
It has air spaces for diffusion
Xylem to transport water
How are guard cells adapted for photosynthesis?
They open and close to allow CO2 in
What is the process of ultrafiltration?
- blood enters the affernet arteriole + flows into the glomerulus which is bigger than the efferent arteriole
- there is a build up of pressure, forcing small substances through the small capillary walls to form filtrate
- Large substances such as red blood cells do not pass through
Why is there no protein in urine?
- ultrafiltration, protein is too large to be filtered out
- stays in the blood
- glomerulus/bowmnas capsule
Why does the body not excrete glucose?
- needed for respiration + energy
- selective reabsorption
- in the PCT
- by active transport
What substances are in urine?
- urea
- mineral ions
- salts
- hormones
Why do people with diabetes have glucose in their urine?
- not enough insulin
- high glucose levels
- can’t reabsorb all glucose
How can the kidney reduce water content?
- more ADH
- increased permeability
- collecting duct
- reabsorption of water
Where does selective reabsorption occur?
PCT
What is the difference between the urethra and the ureter?
Ureter brings fluids from kidney to bladder
Urethra is where fluid exits the body
Why is the skin described as an organ?
There are several groups of tissues
Where is water reabsorbed?
collecting duct
What is a transgenic organism?
Contains genetic material from a different species
A drug binds to the messenger RNA and reduces nerve damage to cells. How does it do this?
Prevents translation
Prevents ribsosome from attaching
No codon binds to anticodon
Prevents amino acids joining
Protein is not made
Why would measuring photosynthesis by counting bubbles not be accurate?
Easy to miscount
Different size bubbles
O2 may dissolve
Bubbles get trapped
What are the two roles of FSH?
Stimulates follicle growth
Stimulate oestrogen secretion
What are the two roles of LH?
Causes ovulation
Stimulates oestrogen secretion
What are the 2 roles of oestrogen?
Repairs lining of uterus
Stimulates LH secretion
What are the two roles of progesterone?
Maintains lining of uterus
Inhibits LH
What is meant by menstruation?
The removal of the uterus lining once every month
