Practice Exam

Question 1

What percentage of blood consists of formed elements and plasma?

Answer 1

D. 45% formed elements and 55% plasma

Question 2

What is the major function of monocytes?

Answer 2

Provide immunity and defense against infection

Question 3

These vessels exchange fluid, nutrients, electrolytes, and hormones between the blood and interstitial space?

Answer 3

Capillaries

Question 4

What is the production of blood cells?

Answer 4

Hematopoiesis

Question 5

When does the bone marrow begin to produce blood cells?

Answer 5

After the fourth month of fetal life

Question 6

Which leukocyte is responsible for antibody productions?

Answer 6

lymphocytes

Question 7

What layer of anti coagulated blood contains platelets?

Answer 7

Buffy coat

Question 8

What is the equilibrium between the fluid and cellular elements of blood?

Answer 8

homeostasis

Question 9

In what solution is the diluent concentration less than that inside the RBC? What type of RBC’s will be observed?

Answer 9

Hypotonic, swollen/hemolyzed RBCs

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a cause of leukocytosis?

Answer 10

HIV (others listed: Acute bacteria infection, severe malaria, pregnancy)

Question 11

Which of the following will NOT lyse RBCs?

Answer 11

none of the above (others listed: acetic acid, hydrochloric acid, distilled water)

Question 12

Calculate the WBC count using the following information:
Avg WBCs Side A-146
Avg WBCs Side B-154

Answer 12

37.5x10^9 WBC/L

Question 13

Which of the following is a cause of thrombocytopenia?

Answer 13

none of the above (others listed: rheumatic fever, asphyxiation, acute blood loss)

Question 14

What is a condition in which RBC’s are being destroyed faster than produced, or their ability to carry oxygen is hindered?

Answer 14

Anemia

Question 15

A variation of more than 25 RBC’s between any of the 5 squared counted indicates an invalid count

Answer 15

True

Question 16

Which of the following is the same cell as a reticulocyte, with the difference being the addition of a suprivital stain?

Answer 16

basophilic erythrocyte/polychromatophilic erythrocyte

Question 17

Which of the following is a cause for increased reticulocytes?

Answer 17

sickle cell anemia

Question 18

Which is NOT a finding that reticulocytes are confused with?

Answer 18

Helmet cells (Others listed: Heinz bodies, pappenheimer bodies, refractive areas)

Question 19

What is a disorder in which the presence of abnormal hemoglobin causes a pathological condition?

Answer 19

hemoglobinopathy

Question 20

What hemoglobin variant is glutamic acid replaced by lysine?

Answer 20

Hgb C

Question 21

What hemoglobin derivative oxidizes iron to the ferric state making hemoglobin incapable of combining reversibly with oxygen?

Answer 21

Methemoglobin

Question 22

Which of the following is the packed cell volume?

Answer 22

HCT

Question 23

Which RBC indice correlates with the central zone of pallor of RBC’s (ie. hypochromatic, normochromatic, polychromatic)?

Answer 23

MCHC

Question 24

Given that the RBCs are a normal size/shape and the HCT value is 42.9, what would the expected hemoglobin value be?

Answer 24

14.3

Question 25

What blood film method is used by NCCLS as a referred method?

Answer 25

Wedge blood film

Question 26

Cells with a lower pH (acid) will stain what color?

Answer 26

orange

Question 27

Which statement is FALSE concerning the staining characteristics of Wright-Geimsa stain?

Answer 27

RBC's are red and WBCs/platelets are pale blue/black

Question 28

Which of the following are granulocytes?

Answer 28

None of the above (others listed: monocytes, lymphocytes)

Question 29

Which of the following is correct with regard to maturation sequence?

Answer 29

Megakaryoblast, promegakaryocyte, megakaryocyte, thrombocyte

Question 30

This cells granules contain histamine which helps it play a role in some acute allergic reactions?

Answer 30

basophil

Question 31

What stage of the granulocytic maturation series is the first stage at which future adult cells can be differentiated?

Answer 31

myelocyte

Question 32

What term describes a deviation from normal RBC shape?

Answer 32

Poikilocytosis

Question 33

What RBC inclusion is described as remnants of RNA?

Answer 33

basophilic stippling

Question 34

Which of the following does NOT affect the accuracy of a WBC differential?

Answer 34

Size of the cells examined (others listed: number of cells counted, quality of the smear, experience of the technician)

Question 35

The platelet estimation is performed to confirm the number of platelets indented during an automated count & to study platelet morphology?

Answer 35

True

Question 36

What leukemia is described as a stem cell disorder with marked leukocytosis, chronic anemia. 90% of patients will have the Ph chromosome?

Answer 36

Chronic myelocytic leukemia

Question 37

What disease is characterized as a fatal disease with proliferation of plasma cells?

Answer 37

multiple myeloma

Question 38

What anemia is described: microcytic, normochromic RBS's, poikilocytosis, polychromasia, hypersegmented neutrophils, increased MCV & MCH, normal MCHC, RBC's normal to decreased, platelets slightly decreased. Patient will have a vitamin B12 deficiency?

Answer 38

pernicious anemia

Question 39

What abnormality is an enzymopathy that presents with poikilocytosis, spherocytes, schistocytes, Heinz bodies, hemoglobinuria?

Answer 39

G-6-PD deficiency

Question 40

What anemia is caused by the cessation of blood cell proliferation in the bone marrow? Clinical findings include: leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, normochromic/ normocytic anemia, a decreased reticulocyte counts?

Answer 40

aplastic anemia

Question 41

Which of the following is a condition that results from the body's defense against hypoxia?

Answer 41

secondary polycythemia

Question 42

What population does Sickle cell anemia NOT usually occur?

Answer 42

Asian (others listed: African, South & Central American, Middle East)

Question 43

Which of the following is a laboratory finding for Sickle cell anemia?

Answer 43

Target cells

Question 44

Which of the following is a confirmatory test for sickle cell anemia?

Answer 44

Hemoglobin electrophoresis

Question 45

What is the correct order of hemoglobin migration from cathode to anode?

Answer 45

A, F, S, A2/C

Question 46

Which of the following would NOT affect an ESR result?

Answer 46

Testing conducted with 2 hours after collection (other options: Rouleux formation, fibrinogen lvls, low/cooler ambient temperature)

Question 47

Which statement is False concerning G-6-PD deficiency?

Answer 47

Patients deficient in G-6-PD produce hemoglobin F to compensate during hemolytic episodes

Question 48

Given an automated WBC result of 14.6 and a manual NRBC result of 9, perform a WBC correction?

Answer 48

13.4

Question 49

What is the term that describes when 2 or more cells travel through the aperture at the same time?

Answer 49

coincidence error

Question 50

What test methodology is described as particle passing through a focused beam of a laser. The forward and side scatter correlates to cell volume and complexity?

Answer 50

flow cytometry