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Hematology > Practice Exam > Flashcards

Practice Exam Flashcards

1
Q

What percentage of blood consists of formed elements and plasma?

A

D. 45% formed elements and 55% plasma

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2
Q

What is the major function of monocytes?

A

Provide immunity and defense against infection

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3
Q

These vessels exchange fluid, nutrients, electrolytes, and hormones between the blood and interstitial space?

A

Capillaries

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4
Q

What is the production of blood cells?

A

Hematopoiesis

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5
Q

When does the bone marrow begin to produce blood cells?

A

After the fourth month of fetal life

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6
Q

Which leukocyte is responsible for antibody productions?

A

lymphocytes

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7
Q

What layer of anti coagulated blood contains platelets?

A

Buffy coat

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8
Q

What is the equilibrium between the fluid and cellular elements of blood?

A

homeostasis

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9
Q

In what solution is the diluent concentration less than that inside the RBC? What type of RBC’s will be observed?

A

Hypotonic, swollen/hemolyzed RBCs

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10
Q

Which of the following is NOT a cause of leukocytosis?

A

HIV (others listed: Acute bacteria infection, severe malaria, pregnancy)

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11
Q

Which of the following will NOT lyse RBCs?

A

none of the above (others listed: acetic acid, hydrochloric acid, distilled water)

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12
Q

Calculate the WBC count using the following information:
Avg WBCs Side A-146
Avg WBCs Side B-154

A

37.5x10^9 WBC/L

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13
Q

Which of the following is a cause of thrombocytopenia?

A

none of the above (others listed: rheumatic fever, asphyxiation, acute blood loss)

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14
Q

What is a condition in which RBC’s are being destroyed faster than produced, or their ability to carry oxygen is hindered?

A

Anemia

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15
Q

A variation of more than 25 RBC’s between any of the 5 squared counted indicates an invalid count

A

True

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16
Q

Which of the following is the same cell as a reticulocyte, with the difference being the addition of a suprivital stain?

A

basophilic erythrocyte/polychromatophilic erythrocyte

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17
Q

Which of the following is a cause for increased reticulocytes?

A

sickle cell anemia

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18
Q

Which is NOT a finding that reticulocytes are confused with?

A

Helmet cells (Others listed: Heinz bodies, pappenheimer bodies, refractive areas)

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19
Q

What is a disorder in which the presence of abnormal hemoglobin causes a pathological condition?

A

hemoglobinopathy

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20
Q

What hemoglobin variant is glutamic acid replaced by lysine?

A

Hgb C

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21
Q

What hemoglobin derivative oxidizes iron to the ferric state making hemoglobin incapable of combining reversibly with oxygen?

A

Methemoglobin

22
Q

Which of the following is the packed cell volume?

A

HCT

23
Q

Which RBC indice correlates with the central zone of pallor of RBC’s (ie. hypochromatic, normochromatic, polychromatic)?

A

MCHC

24
Q

Given that the RBCs are a normal size/shape and the HCT value is 42.9, what would the expected hemoglobin value be?

A

14.3

25
Q

What blood film method is used by NCCLS as a referred method?

A

Wedge blood film

26
Q

Cells with a lower pH (acid) will stain what color?

A

orange

27
Q

Which statement is FALSE concerning the staining characteristics of Wright-Geimsa stain?

A

RBC’s are red and WBCs/platelets are pale blue/black

28
Q

Which of the following are granulocytes?

A

None of the above (others listed: monocytes, lymphocytes)

29
Q

Which of the following is correct with regard to maturation sequence?

A

Megakaryoblast, promegakaryocyte, megakaryocyte, thrombocyte

30
Q

This cells granules contain histamine which helps it play a role in some acute allergic reactions?

A

basophil

31
Q

What stage of the granulocytic maturation series is the first stage at which future adult cells can be differentiated?

A

myelocyte

32
Q

What term describes a deviation from normal RBC shape?

A

Poikilocytosis

33
Q

What RBC inclusion is described as remnants of RNA?

A

basophilic stippling

34
Q

Which of the following does NOT affect the accuracy of a WBC differential?

A

Size of the cells examined (others listed: number of cells counted, quality of the smear, experience of the technician)

35
Q

The platelet estimation is performed to confirm the number of platelets indented during an automated count & to study platelet morphology?

A

True

36
Q

What leukemia is described as a stem cell disorder with marked leukocytosis, chronic anemia. 90% of patients will have the Ph chromosome?

A

Chronic myelocytic leukemia

37
Q

What disease is characterized as a fatal disease with proliferation of plasma cells?

A

multiple myeloma

38
Q

What anemia is described: microcytic, normochromic RBS’s, poikilocytosis, polychromasia, hypersegmented neutrophils, increased MCV & MCH, normal MCHC, RBC’s normal to decreased, platelets slightly decreased. Patient will have a vitamin B12 deficiency?

A

pernicious anemia

39
Q

What abnormality is an enzymopathy that presents with poikilocytosis, spherocytes, schistocytes, Heinz bodies, hemoglobinuria?

A

G-6-PD deficiency

40
Q

What anemia is caused by the cessation of blood cell proliferation in the bone marrow? Clinical findings include: leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, normochromic/ normocytic anemia, a decreased reticulocyte counts?

A

aplastic anemia

41
Q

Which of the following is a condition that results from the body’s defense against hypoxia?

A

secondary polycythemia

42
Q

What population does Sickle cell anemia NOT usually occur?

A

Asian (others listed: African, South & Central American, Middle East)

43
Q

Which of the following is a laboratory finding for Sickle cell anemia?

A

Target cells

44
Q

Which of the following is a confirmatory test for sickle cell anemia?

A

Hemoglobin electrophoresis

45
Q

What is the correct order of hemoglobin migration from cathode to anode?

A

A, F, S, A2/C

46
Q

Which of the following would NOT affect an ESR result?

A

Testing conducted with 2 hours after collection (other options: Rouleux formation, fibrinogen lvls, low/cooler ambient temperature)

47
Q

Which statement is False concerning G-6-PD deficiency?

A

Patients deficient in G-6-PD produce hemoglobin F to compensate during hemolytic episodes

48
Q

Given an automated WBC result of 14.6 and a manual NRBC result of 9, perform a WBC correction?

A

13.4

49
Q

What is the term that describes when 2 or more cells travel through the aperture at the same time?

A

coincidence error

50
Q

What test methodology is described as particle passing through a focused beam of a laser. The forward and side scatter correlates to cell volume and complexity?

A

flow cytometry

Hematology (2 decks)

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