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Marine Biology > practice > Flashcards

practice Flashcards

1
Q

Which color of visible light is absorbed first in the ocean?

A

Red

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2
Q

Which process is NOT a source of the salt found in seawater?

A

Subduction

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3
Q

What causes cold, salty water to sink in the North Atlantic?

A

Thermohaline circulation

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4
Q

Which organism does NOT form part of the benthos during its adult life stage?

A

Dinoflagellate

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5
Q

Which statement about diatoms is NOT true?

A

They are the largest sized phytoplankton

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6
Q

What is the genus of the symbiotic dinoflagellate that lives in corals?

A

Symbiodinium

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7
Q

Why are small cyanobacteria, such as Prochlorococcus, successful competitors?

A

They have a high surface area to volume ratio allowing for efficient nutrient uptake

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8
Q

What is the name of the air bubbles found in the bodies of many types of macroalgae?

A

Pneumatocyst

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9
Q

Which process or processes will increase the density of seawater?
A. A decrease in temperature
B. A decrease in pressure
C. An increase in salinity
D. Both A and C
E. Options A, B, and C are all correct

A

Both A and C

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10
Q

What was the name of an early marine biologist who hypothesized that no life existed below a depth of 300 fathoms?

A

Edward Forbes

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11
Q

Which part of a continental margin is found closest to the coast?

A

Continental shelf

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12
Q

What type of instrument could be used to study the migration route of a seal?

A

Satellite telemetry

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13
Q

Discovery of these symmetrical patterns on either side of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge provided evidence in support of _______.

A

seafloor spreading

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14
Q

The amount of dissolved ions in seawater occurs in the same proportion across different regions of the globe. This is known as the _______.

A

Rule of constant proportions

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15
Q

A term referring to organisms that remain part of the plankton throughout their whole lives is called _______.

A

Holoplankton

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16
Q

An organism that uses chemicals found in seawater to build organic matter is called a _______.

A

Chemoautotroph

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17
Q

A geological feature characterized by volcanism where the source of the magma comes from the mantle-core boundary is known as a _______.

A

Hot spot

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18
Q

Zone where ocean temperature cools rapidly with increasing depth is called the _______.

A

Thermocline

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19
Q

A type of phytoplankton characterized by two flagella and theca made out of cellulose is called a _______.

A

Dinoflagellate

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20
Q

Green algae belong to the phylum _______.

A

Chlorophyta

21
Q

The use of satellites to study the ocean from space is known as _______.

A

Remote sensing

22
Q

A type of virus that infects marine bacteria is called a _______.

A

Bacteriophage

23
Q

A tool used to map the seafloor that involves listening to the echo of transmitted noises is called _______.

A

SONAR

24
Q

Water masses formed at high latitudes in the North Atlantic and Southern Oceans are transported around the globe by the _______.

A

Ocean conveyor belt

25
Q

A type of phytoplankton that has an ornate set of shells made out of calcium carbonate is called a _______.

A

Coccolithophore

26
Q

This property of seawater explains why the temperature of the ocean varies less than the temperature of land: _______.

A

Heat capacity

27
Q

An important site for photosynthesis in macroalgae, this part of a macroalgae colony is analogous to the leaves of plants: _______.

A

Blade

28
Q

The pull of gravity from the _______ has a major influence on ocean tides.

A

Moon

29
Q

Term describing marine organisms that can independently move around is _______.

A

Motile

30
Q

Unique ecosystems are formed at locations where super-heated water spews out of chimney-like structures called _______.

A

Hydrothermal vents

31
Q

Organisms that form part of plankton for only one stage of their life history are called _______.

A

Meroplankton

32
Q

An ancient ocean basin is known as _______.

A

Panthalassa

33
Q

Two continental plates sliding past each other describes a _______.

A

Transform fault

34
Q

The depth where there is no longer sufficient light for photosynthesis is called the _______.

A

Euphotic depth

35
Q

A question puzzling over why so many types of plankton can exist in a seemingly homogeneous environment is known as the _______.

A

Paradox of the plankton

36
Q

A location where two tectonic plates collide is called a _______.

A

Convergent boundary

37
Q

At progressively deeper depth, the motion of a current is deflected by the Coriolis force and slows due to drag, which is known as _______.

A

Ekman spiral

38
Q

A term for fishes that live near the ocean floor is _______.

A

Demersal

39
Q

The process of _______ refers to the flow of energy through the microbial loop affecting metazoans organisms in higher trophic levels.

A

Microbial loop

40
Q

The _______ refers to the historical development of marine biology, highlighting key events and historical figures.

A

history of marine biology

41
Q

Compare and contrast active and passive continental margins, describing _______.

A

five differences between these areas

42
Q

Three properties of seawater influenced by hydrogen bonds are _______.

A

density, heat capacity, and viscosity

43
Q

The term for the first major scientific expedition to study the ocean is _______.

A

Challenger Expedition

44
Q

The process by which carbon is fixed into organic compounds by marine organisms is known as _______.

A

Net primary production

45
Q

A deep underwater trench is formed by _______.

A

subduction

46
Q

The _______ describes the apparent deflection of moving objects caused by the Earth’s rotation.

A

Coriolis force

47
Q

Organisms that can swim independently of currents are known as _______.

A

Nekton

48
Q

Organisms classified as _______ are single-celled and belong to the domain Archaea.

A

Archaea

Marine Biology (3 decks)

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