practical skills of the wrist and hand

Question 1

classify the radiocarpal joint

Answer 1

synovial, bi-axial, complex, ellipsoid

Question 2

classify the first carpometacarpal joint

Answer 2

synovial, bi-axial, saddle, simple

Question 3

classify the metacarpophalangeal joint

Answer 3

synovial, simple, bi-axial, condyloid

Question 4

classify the interphalangeal joint

Answer 4

synovial, simple, uni-axial, hinge

Question 5

normal ROM wrist flexion

Answer 5

0-90 degrees

Question 6

normal ROM wrist extension

Answer 6

0-80 degrees

Question 7

limiting factors wrist flexion

Answer 7

dorsal radiocarpal ligament
tension in extensor tendons

Question 8

limiting factors wrist extension

Answer 8

Palmar radiocarpal and ulnocarpal ligaments
tension in flexor tendons

Question 9

normal ROM radial deviation at wrist

Answer 9

0-15 degrees

Question 10

normal ROM ulnar deviation at wrist

Answer 10

0-40 degrees

Question 11

limiting factors radial deviation at wrist

Answer 11

ulnar collateral ligament
apposition of scaphoid tubercle on radial styloid

Question 12

limiting factor ulnar deviation

Answer 12

radial collateral ligament

Question 13

normal ROM flexion of thumb

Answer 13

0-50 degrees

Question 14

limiting factors thumb flexion

Answer 14

posterior oblique ligament
tension in extensor muscles
size/bulk of thenar eminence

Question 15

normal ROM thumb extension

Answer 15

0-80 degrees

Question 16

limiting factors thumb extension

Answer 16

anterior oblique ligament
tension in flexor muscles

Question 17

normal ROM thumb abduction

Answer 17

0-80 degrees

Question 18

limiting factors thumb abduction

Answer 18

tension in thumb web space
adductor muscles

Question 19

limiting factors thumb adduction

Answer 19

approximation to 1st digit

Question 20

normal ROM of MCPJ and IPJ flexion

Answer 20

0-90 degrees

Question 21

limiting factors MCPJ/IPJ flexion

Answer 21

collateral ligaments
tension in extensor tendons

Question 22

nomrla ROM MCPJ extension

Answer 22

0-50 degrees

Question 23

normal ROM IPJ extension

Answer 23

0-10 degrees

Question 24

limitinf factors MCPJ / IPJ extension

Answer 24

palmar ligament
tension in flexor tendons

Question 25

which fingers are affected by carapal tunnel syndrome

Answer 25

thumb, middle and ring finger

Question 26

how to conduct carpal compression test

Answer 26

supinate model’s arm, apply firm direct pressure over the carpal tunnel (just above wrist crease)
hold pressure for 30 seconds

Question 27

positive carpal compression test

Answer 27

familiar symptoms of sensory change or pain are reproduced

Question 28

how to conduct phalen’s manoeuvre

Answer 28

patient asked to hold their wrists in complete and forced flexion by pushing the dorsal surfaces of both hands together
they hold position for no longer than 60 seconds

Question 29

positive phalen’s manoeuvre

Answer 29

presence of familiar neurological symptoms such as sensory changes

Question 30

what might occur if the carpal compression test is held for longer than 60 seconds

Answer 30

may produce symptoms in individuals without carpal tunnel syndrome

Question 31

how to conduct finkelstein’s test

Answer 31

model opposes thumb, and brings other fingers over thumb to make a fist
over edge of table, ask them to produce ulnar deviation - slowly lowering wrist downwards
next, apply a bit of pressure and repeat

Question 32

positive finklestein’s test

Answer 32

familiar pain in region of anatomical snuffbox

Question 33

what techniques mimic wrist flexion

Answer 33

AP proximal row of carpal bones
AP distal row carpal bones

Question 34

techniques mimicking wrist extension

Answer 34

PA proximal and distal row of carpal bones

Question 35

what techniques mimic radial deviation

Answer 35

lateral glide radiocarpal joint

Question 36

what technique mimics ulna deviation

Answer 36

medial glide radiocarpal joint

Question 37

movements mimicking thumb flexion

Answer 37

PA 1st carpometacarpal joint
PA metacarpophalangeal joint
PA interphalangeal joint

Question 38

movements mimicking thumb extension

Answer 38

AP metacarpophalangeal, carpometacarpal and interphalangeal joints

Question 39

movements mimicking finger flexion

Answer 39

PA metacarpophalangeal, proximal and distal interphalangeal joints

Question 40

movements mimicking finger extension

Answer 40

AP metacarpophalangeal, proximal and distal interphalangeal joints