PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2 Flashcards
identify facts
Research Design
The overall process of planning or carrying out the research plan. Serves as a blue print of the research paper.
In what format does the conceptual framework follow in research?
I.P.O ( Input, Process, Output)
What does the conceptual framework take shape in?
Paradigm
What are the interpretations when conceptual frameworks involve arrows and lines?
Arrows dictate the cause-and-effect relationship of the variables while Lines dictate the correlation of the variables.
What part of the research paper dictates the full operational meaning of the words used in the certain field of study ?
Definition of Terms
The term pertaining to the definition derived from the dictionary?
Conceptual Definition
The term pertaining to the definition that is derived from observable and pre-existing characteristics?
Operational Definition
This term is used to describe the prediction of the output of the study.
Hypothesis / Hypotheses (?)
The category of the hypothesis that shows no significance in the difference of a certain result.
Null Hypothesis
Pertains to the desired result of the researcher. The opposite of null hypothesis.
Alternative Hypothesis
This type of hypothesis is based on theories to explain results.
Theory-driven hypothesis
This type of hypothesis is based on findings from recent published-studies..
Data-driven hypothesis
Directional (one tailed) hypothesis
Pertains to the relationship and direction of the variables.
Non-directional (two-tailed) hypothesis
Pertains to the relationship alone but not the direction of the variables
Descriptive hypothesis
Specifies relationship between two variables to an influence of an external factor.
Causal hypothesis
Specifies relationship between two variables because of a cause and effect relationship.
What is research design?
Dictates all the plans intended to pursue in the process of the entire research paper.
This type of research design aims to explain the behavior and (or) phenomena of a certain variable.
Descriptive Research design
Survey
A research design which aims to determine the “general picture”
Descriptive Normative
A research design that aims to determine the trends/norms amongst the subset of groups.
Correlational
Determines the relationship of two or more variables
Evaluative
Known as the “goodness of criterion”
Longitudinal Study
Pertains to gathering data among a group that shares almost the same characteristic that follows a certain theme.
Cross-sectional study
Pertains to gathering data from a subset of groups that has the same characteristics but then collects data after the time interval dictated that ensures changes of result.
Assessment
Undertaken to assess the worth, success, efficiency, and effectiveness of a certain variable that is taken under ____
Descriptive Comparative
Compares and concludes
Ex-post facto
usage of pre-existing characteristics to determine the output.
Experimental research
The most used research design amongst science fields.
Give the three main parts of experimental research
Independent Variable, Dependent Variable, Pre-testing, Post-testing, Experimental group, Control group.
The research design that only involves the experimental group and a post-test.
One-shot
The research design that involves only an experiment group but given a pre-test and a post-test.
One group pre-test/post-test
The research design that involves one group, a pre-test and post-test but uses only the post-test to determine the efficacy of the treatment.
Static Comparison
Pre-test/Post-test Control group Research Design
Involves pre-test & post-test of BOTH groups but only experimental receives treatment. But both are given a post-test after experimental period.
Post-test only research design
Both groups are not given a pre-test but given a post-test after being exposed to treatment.
Solomon 4 group design
4 groups involved. ( Experimental group 1, Control group2, Experimental group 3, Control group 4 ) First two groups are given both a pre and post-test.
Quasi Experimental
Used when randomization is impossible
Matching only Design
Post-test and pre-test , only experimental
Design Time and Series
Expansion of one group pre-test and post-test design. More confidence is directly proportional to similar test results.
Experimental Methods
Ensures Validity
This states that expectations causes the study to be biased
Experimenter Bias
This states that the desire of participants to be “good” causes the study to be biased
Participant Bias
Double Blind Experiment
Researcher acts as a coordinator among a group but is not allowed to disclose information to other researchers
Single blind Experiment
Either the participants are blind to the manipulation being made.
Placebo group
A group of participants are told that they are receiving treatment, when in fact, they are not.
