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A&P 1 Lab > PRACTICAL EXAM 2 FUNCTIONS/TERMS GUIDE > Flashcards

PRACTICAL EXAM 2 FUNCTIONS/TERMS GUIDE Flashcards

1
Q

Sutural Bones

A

Skull

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2
Q

Irregular Bones

A

vertebra, pelvis

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3
Q

Short Bones

A

Tarsal/Carpal bones

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4
Q

Flat Bones

A

roof of skull, sternum, ribs, scapulae

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5
Q

Long Bones

A

femur, long bone of the thigh, humerus

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6
Q

Sesamoid Bone

A

Patella/kneecaps

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7
Q

Supra-orbital foramen: Nerve/Artery

A

Supra-orbital artery

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8
Q

Optic Canal

A

optic nerve

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9
Q

superior orbital fissure

A

oculomotor nerve

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10
Q

inferior orbital fissure

A

maxillary division

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11
Q

infra-orbital foramen

A

intra-orbital artery

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12
Q

foramen lacerum

A

internal carotid artery

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13
Q

foramen ovale

A

trigeminal nerve

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14
Q

carotid canal

A

internal carotid artery

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15
Q

sylomastoid foramen

A

facial nerve

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16
Q

foramen magnum

A

accessory nerve

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17
Q

jugular foramen

A

internal jugular vein

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18
Q

foramen rotundum

A

maxillary nerve

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19
Q

foramen spunosum

A

mandibular nerve

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20
Q

Displaced fracture

A

bone move so much that a gap forms

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21
Q

nondisplaced fracture

A

bones didn’t move enough to allow a gap to form

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22
Q

compound fracture:

A

bone out of the skin

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23
Q

simple fracture

A

bone in skin

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24
Q

comminuted fracture

A

broken in 2 places

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25
Q

greenstick fracture

A

incomplete, partially broken

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26
Q

depressed fracture

A

break w/ bone in cranial towards brain

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27
Q

Axial skeleton involves _____ while appendicular involves _____

A

skull, ribs, sternum, spine&raquo_space;» arms, legs, clavicle, pelvis.

28
Q

lacuna are the ______

A

spaces between lamellae

29
Q

canaliculus are

A

tiny canals that connects lacunae.

30
Q

Paranasal sinuses include what skull bones

A

maxillae, ethmoid, sphenoid, and frontal.

31
Q

Occipitofrontalis

A

Raises eyebrows, wrinkles forehead and moves scalp

32
Q

orbicularis oculi

A

closes eyes (blinking and squinting)

33
Q

zygomaticus major and minor

A

raise corner of mouth (smiling) and upper lip exposing teeth (snarling)

34
Q

buccinator

A

draws corners of mouth laterally, sucking in cheeks, assists in holding food between teeth when chewing.

35
Q

Platysma

A

tenses neck skin and depresses mandible, pouting muscle

36
Q

superior rectus

A

the eye looks up

37
Q

inferior rectus

A

the eye looks down

38
Q

medial rectus

A

the eye looks medially

39
Q

lateral rectus

A

looks laterally

40
Q

superior oblique

A

looks down laterally

41
Q

inferior oblique

A

looks up laterally

42
Q

masseter

A

elevates the audible and closes the jaw.

43
Q

temporalis

A

elevates the mandible and closes jaw

44
Q

genioglossus

A

from internal surface of mandible to base of tongue; protracts the tongue, can also depress tongue

45
Q

styloglossus

A

from styloid process of temporal one to lateral tongue, retracts and elevates the tongue

46
Q

hyoglossus

A

hyoid bone to inferior tongue, depresses the tongue

47
Q

sternocleidomastoid

A

bilateral contraction flexes the ne: prayer muscle; unilateral contraction rotates and flexes neck to opposite side, as in saying no

48
Q

scalenes

A

located deep to sternocleidomastoid, elevates 1 and 2nd ribs during inspiration, also flexes neck

49
Q

trapezius

A

elevates, rotates, retracts and represses scapula: shrugging shoulders, and extends heads

50
Q

splenius capitis

A

located deep to trapezius; bilaterally extends or hyperextends neck, unilaterally rotates and laterally flexes neck

51
Q

pectoralis major

A

mover of air flexion, adducts and medially rotates (push ups)

52
Q

Serratus anterior

A

abducts and rotates scapula upwards (boxing muscle)

53
Q

external intercostals

A

elevate ribs during inhalation

54
Q

internal intercostals

A

depress ribs during forced exhalation

55
Q

diaphragm

A

mover of inflation, increases thorax volume

56
Q

rectus abdominis

A

flexes and rotates lumbar region of vertebral column; sit ups

57
Q

external and internal obliques

A

flex and roate vertebral column; compress abdomen.

58
Q

transversus aabdominis

A

compresses abdomen

59
Q

latissimus dorsi

A

mover of arm extension; powerful arm adductor; medially rotates arm at shoulder; chin-up muscles

60
Q

erector spinae

A

group of muscles running from the lumbar vertebra, sacrum, and iliac crest- movers of back extension.

61
Q

the source of signals in the electromyography is the result of what

A

depolarization; chemical change

62
Q

what is the relationship of clench strengths and voltages

A

More AP’s mean that there are more motor-units that are needed for contraction

63
Q

ACL helps to

A

prevent the forward sliding of the tibia and hyperextension of the knee

64
Q

Gouty arthritis

A

It causes sudden and intense attacks of joint pain, often in the big toe and at night. It can also strike joints in other toes or the ankle or knee. People with osteoarthritis in their fingers may experience their first gout attack in their finger joints.

65
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis

A

a chronic (long-lasting) autoimmune disease that mostly affects joints. RA occurs when the immune system, which normally helps protect the body from infection and disease, attacks its own tissues. The disease causes pain, swelling, stiffness, and loss of function in joints.

66
Q

Osteoarthritis

A

a degenerative joint disease, in which the tissues in the joint break down over time. It is the most common type of arthritis and is more common in older people. People with osteoarthritis usually have joint pain and, after rest or inactivity, stiffness for a short period of time.

A&P 1 Lab (7 decks)

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