practical 1 (HYP)

Question 1

Hyposecretion of growth hormone

Answer 1

Children: Pituitary dwarfism (short stature with normal proportions)

Question 2

Hypersecretion of growth hormone

Answer 2

Children: Gigantism (abnormally tall)
Adults: Acromegaly (abnormally large bones of the face, feet, and hands)

Question 3

Hyposecretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Answer 3

Diabetes insipidus (thirst and excessive urine output)

Question 4

Hypersecretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Answer 4

Syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion (fluid retention, headache, and disorientation)

Question 5

Hyposecretion of thyroid hormone (TH)

Answer 5

Children: Cretinism (mental retardation with a short-sized body)
Adults: Myxedema (low metabolic rate, edema, physical and mental sluggishness)

Question 6

Hypersecretion of thyroid hormone (TH)

Answer 6

Graves’ disease (elevated metabolic rate, sweating, irregular heart rate, weight loss, protrusion of the eyeballs, and nervousness)

Question 7

Hyposecretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Answer 7

Hypoparathyroidism (neural excitability with tetany (muscle spasms) and convulsions)

Question 8

Hypersecretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Answer 8

Hyperparathyroidism (loss of calcium from bones, causing deformation and spontaneous fractures)

Question 9

Hyposecretion of insulin

Answer 9

Diabetes mellitus (inability of cells to take up and utilize glucose)

Question 10

Hypersecretion of insulin

Answer 10

Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar, anxiety, nervousness, tremors, and weakness)