Practical #1

Question 1

Hypostome

Answer 1

Conical elevation of cells sorrounding the mouth opening, secretes mucus (Hydroida)

Question 2

Cnidocyte

Answer 2

cells that contain cnidae (Hydroida)

Question 3

Cnidae

Answer 3

Stinging thread (Hydroida)

Question 4

Nematocyst

Answer 4

Most common type of cnidae (Hydroida)

Question 5

Epidermis

Answer 5

outer body layer (Hydroida)

Question 6

Mesoglea

Answer 6

Middle body layer (not true mesoderm) (Hydroida)

Question 7

Pneumatophore

Answer 7

gas filled float (Siphonophora)

Question 8

Nectophores

Answer 8

modified medusae used to propel colony through water by jet propulsion (Siphonophora)

Question 9

Manubruim

Answer 9

muscular cylinder, mouth in the middle (Scyphozoa)

Question 10

Gastrovascular Canals

Answer 10

Fluid filled canals that connect to the mouth through the manubruim (scyphozoa)

Question 11

Gastric Pouches

Answer 11

where food is distributed after ingestion, contains gastric filaments (Scyphozoa)

Question 12

Gastric Filaments

Answer 12

nematocyst bearing tentacles in the gastric pouch that secrete digestive enzymes (Scyphozoa)

Question 13

Rhopalia

Answer 13

Indented collections of sensory cells (like statocysts and ocelli) , typically along outer edge of body (Scyphozoa)

Question 14

Acontia

Answer 14

Hairs in body cavity with digestive and defense functions (Hexacorallia)

Question 15

Septa

Answer 15

Folds in digestive cavity wall (Hexacorallia)

Question 16

Gemmules

Answer 16

resistant structures produced by freshwater sponges when conditions are unfavorable (Porifera)

Question 17

Spongocoel

Answer 17

Inner cavity (Porifera)

Question 18

mesohyl

Answer 18

non cellular gelatinous layer between outer tube wall. contains archaeocytes (Porifera)

Question 19

Archaeocytes

Answer 19

multi-purpose cells, function in digestion, excretion, spicule + spongin creation, and reproduction. (Porifera)

Question 20

Pinacoderm

Answer 20

Outer cell layer of the tube wall. made up of pinacocytes (Porifera)

Question 21

Choanocytes

Answer 21

Make up inner layer of tube wall, are feeding cells that generate a water current with flagella. (Porifera)

Question 22

Spicules

Answer 22

Form internal skeleton

Question 23

Spongin

Answer 23

fibrous material that provides support

Question 24

Osculum

Answer 24

Large, excurrent opening

Question 25

Ostia

Answer 25

Pores along sponge

Question 26

Blastomeres

Answer 26

dividing cells (all animals)

Question 27

Morula

Answer 27

Embryo at 16-23 cell stage (all animals)

Question 28

Blastula

Answer 28

Embryo in hollow ball stage (all animals)

Question 29

Blastopore

Answer 29

Opening in donut-sharped embryo (all animals)

Question 30

Blastocoel

Answer 30

The space in the center of the hollow ball embryo (all animals)

Question 31

Stylet

Answer 31

Used for feeding in some nematodes and water bears

Question 32

Oral papillae

Answer 32

shoot sticky projections (onychophora)

Question 33

Medial Eye

Answer 33

Simple eye (Merostomata)

Question 34

Lamellae on gill opercula

Answer 34

book gill (Merostomata)

Question 35

Pectines

Answer 35

Comblike sensory structure on ventral side (Arachnida)

Question 36

Spiracles

Answer 36

Openings on the book lungs (Arachnida)

Question 37

Chilicerae

Answer 37

Fangs (arachnida)

Question 38

Opisthosoma

Answer 38

Unsegmented abdomen