practical 1

Question 1

What are the two parts of the microscope

Answer 1

Mechanical an optical

Question 2

what are the eight parts of the mechanical parts

Answer 2

base/foot, pillar, stage, arm/handle, body tube, nose piece, rotating disk, adjustment wheels

Question 3

What are the three adjustment wheels

Answer 3

course, fine and lateral

Question 4

Bass or foot

Answer 4

supports the mechanical and obstacle parts of the whole microscope

Question 5

pillar

Answer 5

support stage and adjustment wheel parts

Question 6

Stage

Answer 6

Carries the slide or holds the specimen in a fixed position

Question 7

Arm or handle

Answer 7

to handle a microscope and move it(carry it)

Question 8

Body tube

Answer 8

hold the eye piece or occular lens 10x

Question 9

Nose piece

Answer 9

Holds the rotating disk in place

Question 10

Rotating disk

Answer 10

holds objective lenses and is used to rotate between them

Question 11

Coarse adjustment wheel

Answer 11

move stage up / down CAN’T be used under high / medium power

Question 12

Fine adjustment wheel

Answer 12

clears or sharpens the image

Question 13

Lateral adjustment wheel

Answer 13

move slide forward, backward, sideways

Question 14

What are the five parts of the optical parts

Answer 14

source of light, condenser, iris diaphragm, ocular lenses, Objective lenses

Question 15

Source of light or illuminator

Answer 15

Controls amount of light or brightness

Question 16

Condenser

Answer 16

select the dispersed light in order to show the specimen on the slide

Question 17

Iris diaphragm

Answer 17

opens and closes or controls the condenser

Question 18

Objective lenses

Answer 18

to magnify the specimen. Has four: low 4x, medium 10x, high 40x, oil immersion 100x

Question 19

Occular lenses

Answer 19

10 X, to view the microscope

Question 20

What’s the total magnification of a specimen

Answer 20

Multiply ocular lens by objective lens magnification

Question 21

The method of preparing a slide(plant cell /onion)

Answer 21

A small chip of onion WAS takeN, the inner part, and the membrane WERE laiD flat on the surface of the slide. A drop of iodine WAS then addED. A thin glass lip WAS lowerED using a 45° angle. The slide WAS then put on the stage of the microscope and WAS examinED starting with low power, then medium and finally high power

Question 22

What are the two things living organisms are classified under

Answer 22

Prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Question 23

Prokaryotes kingdom

Answer 23

monera

Question 24

Eukaryotic kingdoms

Answer 24

Animalia, plantae, Protista, fungi

Question 25

what are the three criteria of classification

Answer 25

level of organization, mode of nutrition, motility

Question 26

What are the two levels of organization

Answer 26

Unicellular or multicellular

Question 27

Multicellular

Answer 27

filamentous- sepetate and aseptate(no septum)(coenocyst)

Question 28

what are the two modes than nutrition

Answer 28

autotrophs and heterotrophs

Question 29

autotrophs are grouped into two

Answer 29

Photosynthetic and chemosynthetic

Question 30

heterotrophs are grouped into two

Answer 30

ingestion and absorption

Question 31

Absorption is grouped into 2

Answer 31

Saprophytic and parasitic

Question 32

Motility is split into two, either

Answer 32

motile or immotile

Question 33

what's the scientific comment(criteria or characteristic )of kingdom Plantae (eukaryotes)

Answer 33

level of organization: multicellular, motive nutrition: autotrophs photosynthetic, motility: immotile

Question 34

Classification of kingdom Plantae

Answer 34

``` Group: living things, sub group: eukaryotes, division: angiosperms, class 1: monocotyledonous plants, class 2: dicotyledonous plants ```

Question 35

example of kingdom plantae: plant leaves

Answer 35

Morphology of the leaf: 1. dicotyledonous leaf- dorsiventral leaf, reticulate venation . 2. Monocotyledonous leaf- isobilateral leaf, parallel venation

Question 36

Dicot leaves the venation is… While monocot leaves the venation is…

Answer 36

reticulate, parallel

Question 37

Dicot leaves cuticles are…, While monocot leaves cuticle are…

Answer 37

upper epidermis more than lower, equal thickness in upper and lower epidermis

Question 38

Dicot leaves stomata or… While Monica leaves stomata are…

Answer 38

distribute in lower epidermis more than an upper epidermis, equal in upper and lower epidermis

Question 39

dicot leaves mesophyll layer is…, Monocot leaves mesophyll layer…

Answer 39

two types of cells, one type of cell

Question 40

Dicot leaves vascular bundle is…, Monica leaves vascular bundle…

Answer 40

One and central, more than one

Question 41

General characteristics of kingdom Protista

Answer 41

sub kingdoms: protozoa and algae

Question 42

Spirogyra specimen

Answer 42

Group: living organisms, subgroup eukaryotes, Subkingdom algae, division: Chlorophyta

Question 43

Spyro Gyra specimen scientific comments or characteristics

Answer 43

eukaryotes, multicellular, sepetate, autotrophic, immotile, spiral plastid

Question 44

General characteristics of kingdom fungi (scientific comment)

Answer 44

eukaryotes, multicellular or unicellular, heterotrophs, immotile

Question 45

Rhizopus specimen classification

Answer 45

Group: living organisms, sub group: eukaryotes, kingdom: fungi, division: zyomycota

Question 46

Scientific comment of rice of rhizopus specimen or bread mole

Answer 46

multicellular-filamentous/Asepetate heterotrophic-absorption/saprophytic immotile 3 types of hyphae: stolen, rhizoid, sporangiophae

Question 47

General characteristics of kingdom Monera (scientific comment)

Answer 47

living things, prokaryotes, level of organization: unicellular organisms, mode of nutrition: heterotrophs by absorption/parasites/saprophytes auto troves by photosynthesis or chemosynthesis process motility: motile or immotile

Question 48

Kingdom Monera contains to sub kingdoms:

Answer 48

bacteria and cyanobacteria

Question 49

General characteristics or scientific comment of subkingdom bacteria

Answer 49

level of organization: prokaryotes, unicellular organisms motive nutrition: auto troves by absorption/parasites/saprophytes, autotrophs by chemosynthesis process motility: motile or immotile

Question 50

Shapes of bacteria

Answer 50

1. coccus shaped 2. bacillus shape 3. sprilium shape 4. Vibrio or comma shape

Question 51

what are the four coccus shaped bacteria

Answer 51

single cocci, diplococci, streptococci, stophylococci

Question 52

What are the four types of bacillus shaped bacteria

Answer 52

1. single bacillus 2. diplocilli 3. strepobacilli

Question 53

classification of single bacillus

Answer 53

sub group: prokaryos, group: living organisms, kingdom: Monera, Subkingdom: bacteria, class one: bacteria cocci, class 2: bacteria bacilli