PR REVIEWER Flashcards
(46 cards)
1
Q
- Systematic and scientific investigation of numerical data and their relationships. Demands only real or factual and not emotional or cognitive data.
A
Qualitative Research
2
Q
Excellent way to finalize result proving or rejecting a hypothesis
It filters out external factors results are real and unbiased
A
Strengths
3
Q
Human nature is a lot more complex than a simple yes/no question
There is usually some ambiguity that requires retesting and refinement of the research design
Experiments can be difficult and expensive
A
Weaknesses
4
Q
Types of Quantitative Research
- attempts describe the current status of a selected variable. It provides information to the subject of the research
A
Descriptive
5
Q
- Answers the extent of the relationship of 2 or more variables based on statistical data. The data relationship and distributions of the variable are studied only.
A
Correlational
6
Q
- Attempts to establish a cause-effect relationship. It’s independent variable is not manipulated and uses naturally formed groups
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Causal-Comparative
7
Q
- identifies and imposes control over all other variables. Independent variable is manipulated and the subject is randomly assigned
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Experimental
8
Q
- A survey is intended to acquire information from people concerning the predominance, distribution, and interrelations of variables within an identified group.
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Survey
9
Q
Different Fields
- It provides observational research through and based on surveys or correlational studies
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Medicine
10
Q
- To understand particular communication phenomena might be generalized to larger population
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Communication
11
Q
- To determine how human behavior relates with other people, individual differences that may affect human reactions
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Behavioral
12
Q
- to create educational principle based on understanding human behavior
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Educational Psychology
13
Q
- are properties or characteristics of some event, object, orperson that can be assigned with different values or amounts. In conducting quantitative research, especially in experiments, these variables are often manipulated.
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Variables
14
Q
Kinds of Variables
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Independent Variable -
Dependent variable -
15
Q
causes change in dependent variable. Manipulated by the researcher. It is hypothesized to affect the dependent variable. An independent variable is what the researcher manipulates to see if it changes the dependent variables.
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Independent Variable -
16
Q
- changes are caused by the independent variable. Not manipulated by the researcher but dependent on the independent variable
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Dependent variable
17
Q
- This links or intervenes between dependent and independent variables.
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Intervening Variable
18
Q
- This may increase/decrease the relationship between independent and dependent variable.
A
Antecedent Variable
19
Q
Give researchers an overview of what the entire study is all about.
It introduces the topic and problem that is trying to adress
Should persuade the readers that what they are reading is important
A
Introduction
20
Q
Provides reader with context
Explain the circumstances that led to the study
Discusses briefly the problem, situation, conflict of ideas, gaps in knowledge, literature and theories that caught the researchers attention
A
Background of the Study
21
Q
- The Research problem provides a clear, focused, and well-defined introduction to the specific issue you plan to investigate. It is written in declarative sentence.The Research Questions a specific statement that aligns and measures your research problem. It is written in interrogative form.
A
Statement of the Problem
22
Q
Types of Research questions
- Objectively describes particular characteristics of a person, group, institution or phenomena
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Descriptive Questions
23
Q
- compares two or more characteristics of 2 or more people, groups, institutions or phenomena
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Comparative Question
24
Q
- seeks to understand the relationship between two or more aspects of one or more persons, groups, institutions or phenomena
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Relational Question
25
- The significance of the study includes possible contributions of the research to the field of knowledge. In writing the significance of the study, list all the beneficiaries of the research.
Significance of the Study
26
Types of significance of the Study
- Practical significance refers to the direct applicability and usefulness of the research findings in real-world contexts.
Practical Significance
27
- Theoretical significance refers to the contribution that a study makes to the existing body of theories in a specific field.
Theoretical Significance
28
- This pertains to the potential of a study to inspire further research. A study might open up new areas of investigation, provide new research methodologies, or propose new hypotheses that need to be tested.
Significance for Future Research
29
- The scope presents the inclusions of the study, while delimitations present what are not covered in the study or cannot be controlled for acceptable reasons. In writing the scope and delimitations, discuss the scope and the limits of things not included in the research.
Scope and Delimitation
30
- refers to presenting work of someone else without providing proper consent and acknowledgement
Plagiarism
31
Forms of Plagiarism
Paraphrasing
Collusion
Auto-plagiarism
Failure to acknowledge assistance
Inaccurate citations
32
- A writer must avoid racially-charged, sexist offensive language and tendencies. In other words, it is an ethical responsibility of the writer to be sensitive to the sensibilities of their audience.
Formal language
33
Conflict of interests
Ethics violations
Forgery or alteration of documents
Unauthorized Alterations
Fake financial reporting
Embezzlement
Fraudulent Acts
34
- surname of the author and the published year inside the parenthesis
Parenthetical in-text citations
Devilles(2006)
35
- will be used if the authors name is part of the narrative
Narrative In-Text Citation
36
- The review of related literature is a compilation, classification and evaluation of literature or research studies. It contains review of writings on a particular subject with the purpose of (a) informing the readers, (b) helping the researchers construct tools, and (c) validating the research.
Review of Related Literature
37
− These are locally published materials
Local Literatures
38
− These are existing studies published and conducted in the Philippines
Local Studies
39
− These are internationally published materials.
Foreign Literatures
40
− These are existing studies published in other countries.
Foreign Studies
41
- The conceptual framework shows the process that will be conducted in the study. It consists of ideas, and theories that are directly related to the study.
Conceptual Framework
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- Presents the review of theory or theories in which the study will be anchored. It shows the relationships of the different elements.
Theoretical Framework
43
- is an educated guess. It is used to identify the relationships between and among variables. It should explain the possible thing to happen. It must be testable, measurable, and relevant to the research
Hypothesis
44
- It states that one variable has no relationship with theother variable
Null Hypothesis
45
- It tells that there is a relationship between thevariables of the study.
Alternative Hypothesis
46
- In research, operational definitions of the terminology used must be included in the paper. In writing the definition of terms, choose the important words in the title.
Definition of Terms
