PR 1 Flashcards
Research Title
It summarizes the main idea or ideas of your study
False
A good title contains more possible words to ensure that the description are fitted
What
Subject matter or topic to be investigated pertains to the ______________ question
Where
Place or locale where the research is to be conducted pertains to the _______ question
Who
Population like the respondents pertains to the __________ question
When
Time period of the study during which the data are to be collected pertains to ______________ question
What, Where, Who, When
Elements of a research title
Specific, Measurable, and Meaningful
what does SMM means?(SMMARTT)
Achievable, Realistic, Timely, and Time bound
what does ARTT means?(SMMARTT)
Research Problem
Is a statement about an area of concern, a condition to be improved, a difficulty to be eliminated or such
Research Question
Is the question around which you center your research
Parts of Chapter 1
Introduction
Statement of the Problem
Scope and Delimitation
Significance of the Study
Definition of Terms
Background of the study
It establishes the context of the research
Statement of the Problem
Is used in research work as claim that outlines the problem addressed by a study
Scope and Delimitation of the Study
Defines the boundaries of the research
Significance of the Study
Describes the contribution of the study to the existing body of knowledge
Definition of Terms
Gives readers an understanding of the concepts or factors that will be discussed
Literature
Is an oral or written record of man’s significant experiences that are expressed in an ordinary matter
Literature
A period paper is an example of?
General references
books, monographs, conference manuals, research articles, professional journals and similar documents (types of resources)
Primary Sources
academic research and university research journals and reputable organizations (types of resources)
Secondary Sources
Articles, analyses, essays, newspaper, single or multiple authored textbooks (types of resources)
Tertiary Resources
Books based on secondary sources that interprets the work of others (types of resources)
Plagirarism
It refers to fraudulent acts that entail claiming another person’s ideas, work, or publication
Fabrication of data
Involves producing data without an actual experimentation
Falsification of data
Entails faulty gathering of data due to negligence and carelessness
Non-publication of data
It involves choosing not to include data
Checklist for Adult Sponsors
Includes parents consent and advisers consent
Student Checklist
Tell learners information, consent, and ensure student safety
Human Partificipant’s
Provides information for description
For scientific Researches
Research institution and qualified scientists
Research Plan
Discusses the rationale in summary
Risk Assessment Form
Evaluates the extent of hazards
Research Abstract
Concisely state the purpose procedures
Research Logbook
Show detailed and accurate processes of research making
RESEARCH
is a systematic investigation to discover, interpret, or revise facts, theories, applications, etc.
Basic and Applied Research
Two Category of Research
Applied Research
is a type of research that needs answer to a specific question.
Basic Research
is a type of research that is purely direct application but expanding the nature of understanding.
Inquiry
Seeking truth, information, or knowledge
Investigation
A systematic examination of a certain event or phenomenon
Immersion
The deep-level personal involvement of the researcher with the object of study
FALSE, research does not have to begin with a problem
Research begins with a problem (TRUE OR FALSE)
FALSE, research is not creative as it is need to be done in a formal manner
Research is a creative and systematic work undertaken to get additional information (TRUE OR FALSE)
Empirical
Based on direct experience or observation by the researcher
Logical
Based on valid procedures and principles
Cyclical
Starts with a problem and ends with a problem
Analytical
There is a critical analysis of all data used so that there is no error in their interpretation
Critical
Exhibits careful and precise judgment
Methodical
Without bias using systematic methods and procedures
Replicability
The design and procedures are replicated or repeated to arrive at valid and conclusive results
Informed Consent
This is required to secure in order to protect the rights of the participants in your study
Honesty
It reports data, results, and everything
Objectivity
Avoid being bias in experimental design, data analysis, and data interpretation
Integrity
Keep your promises and agreements ; strive for CONSISTENCY of thoughts and actions
Carefulness
Avoid careless errors and negligence ; carefully and critically examine your work
Openness
Share data, results, and ideas ; Be open to criticism and new ideas
Confidentiality
Protect confidential communications, such as paper or grants submitted for publication, trade secrets , and patient records.
Responsible Mentoring
Held educate, mentor, and advise others
Responsible Publication
Avoid wasteful and duplicative publication, ensure that there are no errors
Respect for Colleagues
Respect your Colleague’s opinion
Social Responsibility
Strive to promote social acceptance and prevent or mitigate social harms through research
Non-Discrimination
Avoid discrimination against colleagues or students on the basis of sex, race, ethnicity, or other factors that are not related to their scientific competence and integrity
Competence
Maintain and improve your own professional competence and expertise
Legality
Know and obey relevant laws and institutional and government policies
Animal Care
Show proper respect and care for animals when using them in research
Human Subjects Protection
When conducting a research on human subjects ensure their safety and well being
Qualitative Research
It is often used for exploring and helps gain an understanding of underlying reasons, opinions, and motivations
Quantitative Research
This is used to quantify the problem by w of generating numerical data
Qualitative Methods
Text-Based
Quantitative Methods
Number-Based
Qualitative Methods
More in-depth
Quantitative Methods
More on Breadth of information
Quantitative Methods
Largely depends on the measurement device or instrument used
Qualitative Methods
Largely depends on skill and rigor of the researcher
Inductive
a research method that involves starting with specific observations and then developing theories or generalizations based on those observations (Specific to General)
Deductive
a research method that involves starting with a theory and testing it through experimentation to reach conclusions (General to Specific)
TRUE, finding an answer to something is the same as gathering information
Research is merely gathering information (TRUE OR FALSE)
FALSE, it is not necessary to rummage for hard-to-locate information
Research is rummaging around for hard-to-locate information (TRUE OR FALSE)
Respect For Intellectual Property
Honour patents, copyrights, trademarks, trade secrets and other forms of intellectual property.
Arts-Based Research
Personal Expression in various art forms is use as primary mode of inquiry
Research in Humanities
Deals with human culture such as philosophy, religion, literature, linguistics and history
Sports Research
Intended for athletes to endure their health and wellness goals
Science Research
Discover laws, postulates theories that can explain natural or social phenomena
Mathematics Research
Provides mathematics mastery topics and helps develops confidence and interest to solve more mathematical problems
Agriculture Research
Improves productivity and quality of crops irrigation storage methods and such things that are related to agri
Fisheries Research
Increase the productivity and management of fishery resources
Social Science Research
Finds solutions for human behavior by gathering information about people and societies
Naturalistic
Study to be conducted by the researcher should be based on real-life situations. Likewise, the researcher should also unfold the study in a natural manner
Purposeful
The researcher should select the participants in a purposive manner
Detailed
A thick description of gathered data from the participants makes this type of study a detailed one
Engagement and Neutrality
Direct contact with the people, situation, and phenomenon under investigation should be established by the reasercher
Inductive Procedure
Following an ____, the researcher will start from exploring the phenomenon and will end to confirming findings of the works
Holistic Perspective
Cannot be simply done in a linear and cause and effect relationship approach
t
Qualitative research complements quantitative data (TRUE OR FALSE)
FALSE, it is used to explain COMPLEX ISSUES
Qualitative research provides more detailed information to explain simple issues
t
Qualitative research is cost efficient
FALSE, CANNOT as Qualitative research focuses on a specific set of respondents
Qualitative research can generate the findings to the study of population
t
Qualitative research is more difficult to analyze since it is in-dept
FALSE, IT IS TIME CONSUMING!!!!!!!
Qualitative research is not time-consuming, since it is subjective
Action Research
The whole purpose is involvement of the research in problem-solving or developing strategies that can be used to make things better.
Ethnography
It aims to describe the nature of those who studied through writing
Case study
Study different dimensions of an issue in-depth, within its real-world context
Grounded theory
Researched designed to generate new theoretical constructs and principles
Phenomenology
explores participants’ perceptions and experiences of a phenomenon.
Historical Analysis
Refers to the examination of evidence in coming to an understanding of the past
Scientific or positive approach
involves careful observation, applying rigorous skepticism about what is observed
Naturalistic Approach
A people oriented approach focusing on discovering the real concept or meaning behind people’s lifestyles and social relations
Triangulation/Mixed Method
The mixing of data types
Main methods of Data collection
- Open-ended surveys and questionnaires
- Interviews
- Focus Groups
- Direct Observation
