PQ - things I forgot Flashcards by Landon Riggs

what kind of person is more likely to progress to severe scoliosis?

female

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Cold intolerant, brittle hair, weight gain despite no changes to diet or exercise. what does she have wrong and what is most likely elevated?

hypothyroidism so low T3 + T4, so high TSH as a feedback mechanism

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What vitamin is destroyed in the cooking process of some veggies?

Folic Acid

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5 Ps of sexual history?

Partners

Practices

Protection from STDs

Past history of STDs

Prevention of Pregnancy

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Pain with Ferguson’s and speeds test, what is the problem

what do these tests do?

bicipital tendonitis

anterior shoulder with palpation and pain with resisted elbow flexion and supination of the arm.

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pelvic pain, dysuria, pruritis,

thin, smelly, yellow/green discharge

Trichomoniasis

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Diverticulitis is in what quadrant usually?

what about gastritis?

pancreatitis?

Cholecystitis?

Appendicitis?

sigmoid colon –> LLQ

stomach = epigastric area and RUQ

epigastric

RUQ

RLQ

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Bronchopony?

Egophany?

Whispered pectoriloquy?

Tactile fremitus?

(signs of each that would indicate pneumonia or consolidation)

spoken words louder

E heard as A

whispered words heard loud and clear

increased vibrations

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screen women for osteoporosis when?

greater than 65 whose 10-year fracture risk is high.

progressive bone loss is what it is.

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what disease is a cortisol overproduction?

Cushing syndrome –> cortisol overproduction

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After abdominal surgery someone’s bowel sounds are completely absent, what’s the cause?

mesenteric ischemia

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When considering patients’ abilities to care for themselves, which is important to evaluate?

social support structure,

depression assessment,

ability to perform activities of daily living

cognitive capacity

fall risk

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Right sided trendelenburg, what happens?

lifting the left leg causes the left hip to drop.

the leg TOUCHING the ground is the one being tested

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what do you see in Cushing syndrome (3 things)

moon faces

abdominal striae

hirsutism

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Nexus criteria?

absence of midline tenderness

normal alertness

no intoxication

no abnormal neuro findings

no painful distracting injuries

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mnemonic for hypercalcemia?

stones, bones, groans, thrones, psychiatric overtones

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Symptom of hypocalcemia?

paresthesia around mouth and fingers

cataracts

prolonged QT interval

Diarrhea

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What does Murphy sign indicate?

acute cholecystitis or cholelithiasis

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Functional ability is what?

2) what parameter is often used?
3) what are included in this?

ability of the patient to perform daily task for living their normal life. (ADL) activities of daily life

self care –> eating, dressing, bathing

living independently –> doing houseworkk, managing finances, etc.

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Psoas syndrome is causing back pain how?

sitting

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Visceral pain vs parietal pain?

visceral is NOT LOCALIZED.

Parietal is SOMATIC PAIN which is LOCALIZED

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Top of shoulder dermatome?

radial aspect forearm?

middle finger?

pinky?

Auricle?

Earlobe,ant/post neck?

Inguinal?

Patella, medial calf?

Nipple?

Umbilicus?

Anterolateral calf, great toe?

Posterolateral calf/little toe?

T10

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what can be done to check hypocalcemia?

+ Chvostek sign (on the cheek)

+ Trousseau’s sign

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What test do you do for someone who has pain when picking up their baby?

Finkelstein –> Dequervain Tenosynovitis

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Spinal Stenosis?

narrowing of the space around the spinal cord pain originates in low back and radiates down the leg worse by standing, walking, laying supine.

nickel reaction on a ring, what hypersensitivity?

what is lazy eye called? what can cause this?

amblyopia.. strabismus

old people need what vaccines?

tetanus, influenza, pneumococcal, herpes zoster

Sulcus Sign is for what? Hawkins Lift Off Test Yergason's

glenohumeral instability rotator cuff subscapularis bicipital

Hand grip is associated with what dermatomes? elbow flexion is what dermatomes? extension?

C7, C8, T1 C5,C6 C6,C7,C8

Uvula swings to the right instead of staying midline, what is affected?

LEFT CNX

Ice cube on left foot not felt, where's the problem?

right spinaltrigeminal tract.

Extrinsic cause of shoulder pain?

something that ISN'T related to the pathology at all!

What finding would give you increased tactile fremitus?

pneumonia

What's worse, a left or right thoracic curve?

left

Plantarflexion of the foot (walking on toes) --> what spinal level Dorsiflexion of the foot (walking on heels) --> what spinal level

S1 L5

what do you see on exam for hypercalcemia from high PTH?

lethargy, weakness, confusion renal stones, renal failure.

most common cause of hospital involved diarrhea?

C. Diff --> treatment of antibiotics causes exposure which kills competing bacteria to allow C. Diff to flourish

Apprehension test, what pathology speed's? cross arm? painful arc?

glenohumeral instability bicipital tendonitis acromioclavicular joint subacromial impingement and rotator cuff pathology

difference between pelvic exam and Pap smear?

pelvic exam examines the internal and external genitalia... Pap smear is done DURING the pelvic exam.

what can be seen in atherosclerosis of old people and the kidney?

renal artery stenosis --> can worsen over time and lead to hypertension!

Vesicular sounds to what sounds in pneumonia/consolidation

bronchial/bronchovesicular

abnormal heart sound between S2 and S1 in the 5th ICS at the MCL on the left.. what pathologic finding describes this?

Mitral stenosis

Tongue is pushed out and shoves to the right side, which CN is affected?

CNXII, right

what levels of stuff do we see on hypothyroidism? hyperthyroidism?

TSH is high in response to low T4 and T3 TSH is low because of high levels of T4, T3

labral tear specialty test?

Thomas Test

Antioxidants is what vitamin? what about clotting? Collagen synthesis? Purine and pyrimidine synthesis is what vitamin?

E K C Folic Acid (B9)

murmur scale, when do you have a thrill?

4-6

Addison's is what? what's happening? what 2 things would they present with?

adrenal insufficiency cortisol underproduction! salty food craving, hypotension, also change in skin color.

most common hyperthyroidism?

graves

Herniated nucleus pulposus is what?

ruptured disc. pain goes to the thigh but can radiate to below the knee. often more leg pain than back pain.

Tennis elbow is what? what motion do you do? Golfers elbow? what motion do you do?

lateral epicondylitis --> extend against resistance medial epicondylitis --> flex against resistance.

anaphylaxis is what hypersensitivity reaction?

in a ruptured disc, what nerve root will radiate to the hip and thigh? what about below the knee?

L1-L3 L4-S1

woman gets a Pap smear and it comes back normal, next time she should get it? what if it was abnormal? when should a mammogram be done?

EVERY 3 YEARS every year 50 or younger for high risk females

most common age and cause of scoliosis?

Adolescent, idiopathic | AIS --> Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

hyper resonance of the lungs is what pathologies?

COPD, emphysema, asthma

Stress incontinence vs urge vs overflow

stress ==> involuntary leakage that occurs with increased intra-abdominal pressure urge incontinence --> detrusor overactivity overflow incontinence --> urine leakage due to incomplete bladder emptying. underactive detrusor

Thomas test is weak what?

not allowing extension, so hypertonic hip flexors (on the hamstring portion) --> iliopsoas

When is a Pap smear given?

21 years old

Fat soluble vs non-soluble vitamins?

ADEK

red flags of scoliosis?

onset before 8, severe pain, rapid curve progression (greater than 1 degree per month), left curve, neuro deficits

What finding would give you decreased tactile fremitus?

COPD, Interstitial lung disease, fibrosis

A1C higher than what level is a warning for diabetes?

6.5% or greater or greater than 5.7

Positive egophany would indicate what pathology?

pneumonia

Allergies are what kind of hypersensitivity?

someone has a problem with rotating their head to the right, what CN is involved?

LEFT CNXI --> left SCM contracting turns the head RIGHT

If someone were to have esotropia / exotropia in their eye and it was left untreated, what could happen?

you can go blind.

hypocalcemia things you'll see?

paresthesia around mouth and fingers/toes, muscle stiffness, cataracts, hypotension, stuff like that

Enlarged non-tender gallbladder.. what sign is this and what does it indicate?

Courvoisier's Sign --> indicates pancreatic disease/cancer

Spinal Stenosis?

uhh

most common hypothyroidism?

hashimotos

Cullen's sign?

ecchymosis around the umbilicus secondary to hemorrhage indicative of pancreatic necrosis with internal bleeding

scotty dog?

spondylolysis

what does G4P2012 mean?

4 --> pregnant 4 times 2 --> 2 carried to term PAST 37 weeks 0 --> 0 premature babies between 20-37 1 --> 1 abortion (less than 20 weeks, elective, ectopic, or miscarriage) 2 --> 2 children alive.

Cushing Syndrome vs disease

Cushing syndrome --> pituitary Cushing disease --> not