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PCM2 E2 > PQ - things I forgot > Flashcards

PQ - things I forgot Flashcards

1
Q

what kind of person is more likely to progress to severe scoliosis?

A

female

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2
Q

Cold intolerant, brittle hair, weight gain despite no changes to diet or exercise. what does she have wrong and what is most likely elevated?

A

hypothyroidism so low T3 + T4, so high TSH as a feedback mechanism

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3
Q

What vitamin is destroyed in the cooking process of some veggies?

A

Folic Acid

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4
Q

5 Ps of sexual history?

A

Partners

Practices

Protection from STDs

Past history of STDs

Prevention of Pregnancy

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5
Q

Pain with Ferguson’s and speeds test, what is the problem

what do these tests do?

A

bicipital tendonitis

anterior shoulder with palpation and pain with resisted elbow flexion and supination of the arm.

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6
Q

pelvic pain, dysuria, pruritis,

thin, smelly, yellow/green discharge

A

Trichomoniasis

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7
Q

Diverticulitis is in what quadrant usually?

what about gastritis?

pancreatitis?

Cholecystitis?

Appendicitis?

A

sigmoid colon –> LLQ

stomach = epigastric area and RUQ

epigastric

RUQ

RLQ

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8
Q

Bronchopony?

Egophany?

Whispered pectoriloquy?

Tactile fremitus?

(signs of each that would indicate pneumonia or consolidation)

A

spoken words louder

E heard as A

whispered words heard loud and clear

increased vibrations

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9
Q

screen women for osteoporosis when?

A

greater than 65 whose 10-year fracture risk is high.

progressive bone loss is what it is.

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10
Q

what disease is a cortisol overproduction?

A

Cushing syndrome –> cortisol overproduction

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11
Q

After abdominal surgery someone’s bowel sounds are completely absent, what’s the cause?

A

mesenteric ischemia

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12
Q

When considering patients’ abilities to care for themselves, which is important to evaluate?

A

social support structure,

depression assessment,

ability to perform activities of daily living

cognitive capacity

fall risk

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13
Q

Right sided trendelenburg, what happens?

A

lifting the left leg causes the left hip to drop.

the leg TOUCHING the ground is the one being tested

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14
Q

what do you see in Cushing syndrome (3 things)

A

moon faces

abdominal striae

hirsutism

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15
Q

Nexus criteria?

A

absence of midline tenderness

normal alertness

no intoxication

no abnormal neuro findings

no painful distracting injuries

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16
Q

mnemonic for hypercalcemia?

A

stones, bones, groans, thrones, psychiatric overtones

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17
Q

Symptom of hypocalcemia?

A

paresthesia around mouth and fingers

cataracts

prolonged QT interval

Diarrhea

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18
Q

What does Murphy sign indicate?

A

acute cholecystitis or cholelithiasis

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19
Q

Functional ability is what?

2) what parameter is often used?
3) what are included in this?

A

ability of the patient to perform daily task for living their normal life. (ADL) activities of daily life

self care –> eating, dressing, bathing

living independently –> doing houseworkk, managing finances, etc.

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20
Q

Psoas syndrome is causing back pain how?

A

sitting

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21
Q

Visceral pain vs parietal pain?

A

visceral is NOT LOCALIZED.

Parietal is SOMATIC PAIN which is LOCALIZED

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22
Q

Top of shoulder dermatome?

radial aspect forearm?

middle finger?

pinky?

Auricle?

Earlobe,ant/post neck?

Inguinal?

Patella, medial calf?

Nipple?

Umbilicus?

Anterolateral calf, great toe?

Posterolateral calf/little toe?

A

C4

C6

C7

C8

C2

C3

L1

L4

T4

T10

L5

S1

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23
Q

what can be done to check hypocalcemia?

A

+ Chvostek sign (on the cheek)

+ Trousseau’s sign

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24
Q

What test do you do for someone who has pain when picking up their baby?

A

Finkelstein –> Dequervain Tenosynovitis

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25
Q

Spinal Stenosis?

A

narrowing of the space around the spinal cord

pain originates in low back and radiates down the leg

worse by standing, walking, laying supine.

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26
Q

nickel reaction on a ring, what hypersensitivity?

A

4

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27
Q

what is lazy eye called? what can cause this?

A

amblyopia.. strabismus

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28
Q

old people need what vaccines?

A

tetanus, influenza, pneumococcal, herpes zoster

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29
Q

Sulcus Sign is for what?

Hawkins

Lift Off Test

Yergason’s

A

glenohumeral instability

rotator cuff

subscapularis

bicipital

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30
Q

Hand grip is associated with what dermatomes?

elbow flexion is what dermatomes?

extension?

A

C7, C8, T1

C5,C6

C6,C7,C8

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31
Q

Uvula swings to the right instead of staying midline, what is affected?

A

LEFT CNX

32
Q

Ice cube on left foot not felt, where’s the problem?

A

right spinaltrigeminal tract.

33
Q

Extrinsic cause of shoulder pain?

A

something that ISN’T related to the pathology at all!

34
Q

What finding would give you increased tactile fremitus?

A

pneumonia

35
Q

What’s worse, a left or right thoracic curve?

A

left

36
Q

Plantarflexion of the foot (walking on toes) –> what spinal level

Dorsiflexion of the foot (walking on heels) –> what spinal level

A

S1

L5

37
Q

what do you see on exam for hypercalcemia from high PTH?

A

lethargy, weakness, confusion

renal stones, renal failure.

38
Q

most common cause of hospital involved diarrhea?

A

C. Diff –> treatment of antibiotics causes exposure which kills competing bacteria to allow C. Diff to flourish

39
Q

Apprehension test, what pathology

speed’s?

cross arm?

painful arc?

A

glenohumeral instability

bicipital tendonitis

acromioclavicular joint

subacromial impingement and rotator cuff pathology

40
Q

difference between pelvic exam and Pap smear?

A

pelvic exam examines the internal and external genitalia… Pap smear is done DURING the pelvic exam.

41
Q

what can be seen in atherosclerosis of old people and the kidney?

A

renal artery stenosis –> can worsen over time and lead to hypertension!

42
Q

Vesicular sounds to what sounds in pneumonia/consolidation

A

bronchial/bronchovesicular

43
Q

abnormal heart sound between S2 and S1 in the 5th ICS at the MCL on the left.. what pathologic finding describes this?

A

Mitral stenosis

44
Q

Tongue is pushed out and shoves to the right side, which CN is affected?

A

CNXII, right

45
Q

what levels of stuff do we see on hypothyroidism?

hyperthyroidism?

A

TSH is high in response to low T4 and T3

TSH is low because of high levels of T4, T3

46
Q

labral tear specialty test?

A

Thomas Test

47
Q

Antioxidants is what vitamin?

what about clotting?

Collagen synthesis?

Purine and pyrimidine synthesis is what vitamin?

A

E

K

C

Folic Acid (B9)

48
Q

murmur scale, when do you have a thrill?

A

4-6

49
Q

Addison’s is what?

what’s happening?

what 2 things would they present with?

A

adrenal insufficiency

cortisol underproduction!

salty food craving, hypotension, also change in skin color.

50
Q

most common hyperthyroidism?

A

graves

51
Q

Herniated nucleus pulposus is what?

A

ruptured disc.

pain goes to the thigh but can radiate to below the knee.

often more leg pain than back pain.

52
Q

Tennis elbow is what? what motion do you do?

Golfers elbow? what motion do you do?

A

lateral epicondylitis –> extend against resistance

medial epicondylitis –> flex against resistance.

53
Q

anaphylaxis is what hypersensitivity reaction?

A

1

54
Q

in a ruptured disc, what nerve root will radiate to the hip and thigh?

what about below the knee?

A

L1-L3

L4-S1

55
Q

woman gets a Pap smear and it comes back normal, next time she should get it?

what if it was abnormal?

when should a mammogram be done?

A

EVERY 3 YEARS

every year

50 or younger for high risk females

56
Q

most common age and cause of scoliosis?

A

Adolescent, idiopathic

AIS –> Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

57
Q

hyper resonance of the lungs is what pathologies?

A

COPD, emphysema, asthma

58
Q

Stress incontinence vs urge vs overflow

A

stress ==> involuntary leakage that occurs with increased intra-abdominal pressure

urge incontinence –> detrusor overactivity

overflow incontinence –> urine leakage due to incomplete bladder emptying. underactive detrusor

59
Q

Thomas test is weak what?

A

not allowing extension, so hypertonic hip flexors (on the hamstring portion) –> iliopsoas

60
Q

When is a Pap smear given?

A

21 years old

61
Q

Fat soluble vs non-soluble vitamins?

A

ADEK

62
Q

red flags of scoliosis?

A

onset before 8, severe pain, rapid curve progression (greater than 1 degree per month), left curve, neuro deficits

63
Q

What finding would give you decreased tactile fremitus?

A

COPD, Interstitial lung disease, fibrosis

64
Q

A1C higher than what level is a warning for diabetes?

A

6.5% or greater or greater than 5.7

65
Q

Positive egophany would indicate what pathology?

A

pneumonia

66
Q

Allergies are what kind of hypersensitivity?

A

1

67
Q

someone has a problem with rotating their head to the right, what CN is involved?

A

LEFT CNXI –> left SCM contracting turns the head RIGHT

68
Q

If someone were to have esotropia / exotropia in their eye and it was left untreated, what could happen?

A

you can go blind.

69
Q

hypocalcemia things you’ll see?

A

paresthesia around mouth and fingers/toes, muscle stiffness, cataracts, hypotension, stuff like that

70
Q

Enlarged non-tender gallbladder.. what sign is this and what does it indicate?

A

Courvoisier’s Sign –> indicates pancreatic disease/cancer

71
Q

Spinal Stenosis?

A

uhh

72
Q

most common hypothyroidism?

A

hashimotos

73
Q

Cullen’s sign?

A

ecchymosis around the umbilicus secondary to hemorrhage

indicative of pancreatic necrosis with internal bleeding

74
Q

scotty dog?

A

spondylolysis

75
Q

what does G4P2012 mean?

A

4 –> pregnant 4 times

2 –> 2 carried to term PAST 37 weeks

0 –> 0 premature babies between 20-37

1 –> 1 abortion (less than 20 weeks, elective, ectopic, or miscarriage)

2 –> 2 children alive.

76
Q

Cushing Syndrome vs disease

A

Cushing syndrome –> pituitary

Cushing disease –> not

PCM2 E2 (11 decks)

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