PQ 1 Flashcards
1
Q
Why is cCH4 emission reduction important?
- it’s extremely toxic to farm animals and humans. it is also known as “knock our” gas, as reaching a critical concentration causes immediate and irreversible loss of consciousness and then death
- it poses a significant environmental risk to humanity as it is a greenhouse gas.
- it commonly causes social conflict between farmers and urban citizens due to door
- The human mankind losses a lot of energy through methane emission
A
- it poses a significant environmental risk to humanity as it is a greenhouse gas.
2
Q
What are the effect of mycotoxins?
- Carcinogenic, immunosuppressive, teratogenic, mutagenic, cytotoxic, cystostatic and estrogenic mimetic
- Immunostimulatory, neurophobic, adrenergic, lipolytic, teratogenic, cytotoxic
- proteolytic, sedative, antispasmodic, bactericidal
- mutagenic, carcinogenic, mycocidal, viricidal bacteriostatic
A
- Carcinogenic, immunosuppressive, teratogenic, mutagenic, cytotoxic, cystostatic and estrogenic mimetic
3
Q
Which is not a Greenhouse gas?
- CH4
- CO2
- N2O
- H2S
A
- H2S
4
Q
What is not part of the possible biological reactions to stress?
- Behaviour
- Neuroendocrine
- Humoral
- Immunologic
A
- Humoral
5
Q
In which waste category do the raw milk belong?
- Category 1
- Category 2
- Category 3
- It is not a dangerous material; no special treatment is necessary
A
- Category 3
6
Q
What sensors are most commonly used in currently available gait (lameness) monitoring automatic system?
- Audio sensors detecting the rhythm of the step
- Daily movement activity is monitoring using accelerometers, the rhythm of steps and stride length are measured with platforms equipped with pressure-sensitive sensors, but there are also image-based solution (2D and 3D cameras) that can be supplemented with thermal cameras to detect inflammation
- indirectly certain inflammation (e.g high SCC) or stress indicators (cortisol level, HR, HRV) monitoring sensor are used
- There are currently no reliable automatic monitoring system for this purpose
A
- Daily movement activity is monitoring using accelerometers, the rhythm of steps and stride length are measured with platforms equipped with pressure-sensitive sensors, but there are also image-based solution (2D and 3D cameras) that can be supplemented with thermal cameras to detect inflammation
7
Q
What are the main effects or trichothecene mycotoxins in pigs?
- Reduced feed intake, inhibit protein synthesis, block ovarian function, derma toxic and immunosuppressive effect.
- Reduced feed intake, inhibit protein synthesis, enhance ovarian function, dermatotoxic effect, immunosuppressive effect
- increase feed intake, increase protein synthesis, block ovarian function, dermatotoxic effect, immunosuppressive effect.
- increase feed intake, increase protein synthesis, enhance ovarian function, dermatotoxic effect, immunosuppressive effect.
A
- Reduced feed intake, inhibit protein synthesis, block ovarian function, derma toxic and immunosuppressive effect.
8
Q
What is the target body condition score for a holstein friesian cow at the time of calving?
- 2,5 - 3,5
- 2,5 - 3,0
- 3,5 - 4,0
- 3,0 - 3,5
A
- 3,0 - 3,5
9
Q
What kind of continuous and automatic monitoring of the bio-reaction can be used to effectively prevent outbreaks of disease with complex respiration syndrome in pigs? think of a system that’s already in operation
- by automatically measuring the fever
- by monitoring movement activity
- by measuring weight gain
- with automatic cough detection system
A
- with automatic cough detection system
10
Q
What are plough-land moods
- Fusarium, Aspergillus, Pencillium
- Fusarium, Alternaria, Stachybotris
- Stachybotris, Pencillium, Fusarium
- Aspergillus, Alternaria, Fusarium
A
- Fusarium, Alternaria, Stachybotris
11
Q
Methods for protection against mycotoxins:
- ventilation, washing, exposure to UV radiation
- prevention of infection in vegetation, appropriate agrotechnics
- preventions of infection in vegetation, disinfection, decontamination during storage, reduction of harmful effects using feed-additives
- disinfection during the growing season, ventilation, UV-treatmetn
A
- preventions of infection in vegetation, disinfection, decontamination during storage, reduction of harmful effects using feed-additives
12
Q
Effect of Zearalenone in female pigs at high toxin concentrations:
- most of the oocytes die, follicular tea cysts are formed, pronounced oestrus symptoms are observed, the length of the cycles is irregular
- persistent corpus lute and endometrial hypertrophy develop
- ovarian necrosis develops
- uterine muscle atrophies
A
- most of the oocytes die, follicular tea cysts are formed, pronounced oestrus symptoms are observed, the length of the cycles is irregular
13
Q
What is the current upper limit of THI for dairy cows?
- THI 78
- THI 68
- THI 72
- THI 82
A
- THI 68
14
Q
What is the recommended upper limit of NH3 concentration in the air of livestock buildings
- <10 ppm (recommended keep at < 7 ppm)
- 50 - 100 ppm
- 300 ppm
- 500 ppm
A
- <10 ppm (recommended keep at < 7 ppm)
15
Q
What kind of temperature values are commonly used in the calculation formula for thermal indexes?
- Dry bulb temperature, wet bulb temperature, radiation temperature, dew point temperature
- Nighttime temperature, daytime temperature, average daily temperature
- Daily mean, minimum and maximum temperature values
- Lower critical temperature, upper critical temperature, optimal temperature
A
- Dry bulb temperature, wet bulb temperature, radiation temperature, dew point temperature
16
Q
What fans the most common way to ensure proper air movement in cow barns?
- With high-speed horizontal fans
- Horizontal or vertical or, more recently, so-called cyclone fans, which can be made ventillation even more efficient. So-called frequency shiftesare also available that allow operation of fans at variable speeds
- Suction or blower fans
- With vertical fans at constant speed
A
- Horizontal or vertical or, more recently, so-called cyclone fans, which can be made ventillation even more efficient. So-called frequency shiftsare also available that allow operation of fans at variable speeds
17
Q
Which of the data available in robotic milking system can be used directly in the ruminal acidosis and ketosis monitoring protocols?
- changes in milk temperature and colour
- cow body weight data and condition score
- data on eating time and summation, supplemented by daily movement activity data
- data indicating changes in pH in urine
A
- data on eating time and summation, supplemented by daily movement activity data
18
Q
What prompted the development and rapid spread of PLF techniques?
- IT is involving to such an extent that agricultural workers also have a huge need to use them, so it is inventible that more and more modern tools will fall into the hands of farmers
- As results of the concentration, as a current trend in agriculture, the number of farms is decreasing and the number of livestock is increasing. Managing large.scale farms requires a higher degree of organisation and more administration, which requires more information (data) and new solutions for collecting and processing them
- PLF is a huge business, thanks to the camping of the operators involved in ti, new tools are increasing being used by farmers
- Over time, the PLF allows livestock production to operate almost without human supervison and the race of development in this direction is so rapid due to the burning labour shortage
A
- As results of the concentration, as a current trend in agriculture, the number of farms is decreasing and the number of livestock is increasing. Managing large.scale farms requires a higher degree of organisation and more administration, which requires more information (data) and new solutions for collecting and processing them
19
Q
What are the factors that are most preventing the rapid rise of the PLF ?
- Human factors, such as a lack of IT- skills, and the need for agriculture as a market to realise the potential of PLF, which requires further research and training
- Technologies are so expensive that they are unaffordable for agriculture
- There are no solutions yet that can operate effectively in an environment defined by the complex contexts of livestocks production without compromise. since they only offer partial solutions, it is not worth investing in them
- a significant number pf producers reject the use of these modern instrument in their entirety
A
- Human factors, such as a lack of IT- skills, and the need for agriculture as a market to realise the potential of PLF, which requires further research and training
20
Q
In case of disinfection with heat which statement is right?
- The effectiveness doesn’t depend on the length of the heat treatment
- Wet heat treatment is more effective than dry heat treatment
- The vegetative form of bacteria has high resistance
- Dry heat treatment is more effective than wet heat treatment
A
- Wet heat treatment is more effective than dry heat treatment
21
Q
What air speed should be provided in dairy cow barns in summer?
- 3.5-5.0 m/s
- 2.5 m/s
- > 3.5 m/s
- <1.5 m/s
A
- 2.5 m/s
22
Q
What is the target dry matter content of the TMR for dairy cows?
- cca. 50%
- cca. 60%
- 32-36%
- 25-30%
A
- cca. 50%
23
Q
How would you describe a modern barn?
- Technological systems can’t be changed without the changing of the structural elements
- Lot of human labour required
- Usually framework based
- Small size
A
- Usually framework based
