Ppts #3 NP 2

Question 1

Electrical transmission occurs at what 4 kinds of structures of the body?

Answer 1

In smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, glial cells and some neurons of the brain

Question 2

Chemical transmission occurs at what structure of the body?

Answer 2

Axon terminals of cells

Question 3

How are the cells held together?

Answer 3

Cell adhesive proteins - synaptic cleft

Question 4

What is the name of the neurotransmitter that aids in muscle contraction?

Answer 4

Acetylcholine

Question 5

What are four kinds of neurotransmitters?

Answer 5

Acetylcholine
Biogenic amines
Amino acids
Neuropeptides

Question 6

What are 2 biogenic amines?

Answer 6

Catecholamine

Indolamine

Question 7

What are 2 biogenic amines?

Answer 7

Catecholamine

Indolamine

Question 8

Another name for biogenic amine?

Answer 8

Monoamine

Question 9

Neurotransmitters effects are terminated via what three things?

Answer 9

Enzymatic degregation
Reuptake into presynaptic neuron
Diffusion away from synapse

Question 10

______ summation: multiple neurons release neurotransmitters to one postsynaptic neuron. ______ summation: one presynaptic neuron releases neurotransmitters to postsynaptic neuron.

Answer 10

Spatial

Temporal

Question 11

Which two neurotransmitters binds to beta adrenergic receptors?

Answer 11

Epinephrine and norepinephrine

Question 12

What neurotransmitter predominantly binds to alpha adrenergic receptors?

Answer 12

Norepinephrine

Question 13

Is alpha or beta adrenergic receptors responsible for: increase blood pressure, pupillary dilation, vasoconstriction of smooth muscle in arterioles to visceral organs. ?

Answer 13

Alpha adrenergic receptors

Question 14

Is alpha or beta adrenergic receptors responsible for: increase cardiac and skeletal muscle force of contraction, increase HR, bronchodilation.?

Answer 14

Beta adrenergic receptors

Question 15

Name 3 catecholamines

Answer 15

Dopamine
Epinephrine
Norepinephrine

Question 16

Name 2 indolamines

Answer 16

Histamine

Serotonin

Question 17

Name 5 amino acids

Answer 17

Glutamate
Glycine
GABA 
Serine
Aspartate

Question 18

Name 3 neuropeptides

Answer 18

Substance P
Endorphins
Enkephalins

Question 19

What do amino acids have to do with neuropeptides?

Answer 19

Neuropeptides are chains of amino acids

Question 20

What do biogenic amines (monoamines) have to do with neuropeptides?

Answer 20

Monoamines are derived from amino acids

Question 21

EPSP and IPSP

Which is excitetory and which is inhibitory?

Answer 21

Excitatory Post Synaptic Potential

Inhibitory post synaptic potential

Question 22

Epinephrine

Excitatory or Inhibitory?

Answer 22

Excitatory

Question 23

Epinephrine

Excitatory or Inhibitory?

Answer 23

Excitatory

Question 24

Glutamate

Excitatory or Inhibitory?

Answer 24

Excitatory

Question 25

Substance P | Excitatory or Inhibitory?

Answer 25

Excitatory

Question 26

Acetylcholine | Excitatory or Inhibitory?

Answer 26

Both

Question 27

Dopamine | Excitatory or Inhibitory?

Answer 27

Both

Question 28

GABA | Excitatory or Inhibitory?

Answer 28

Inhibitory

Question 29

Endorphins | Excitatory or Inhibitory?

Answer 29

Inhibitory

Question 30

Serotonin | Excitatory or Inhibitory?

Answer 30

Inhibitory

Question 31

What are the 2 different actions of a neurotransmitter based on how it opens channels?

Answer 31

Direct (directly opens channels) | Indirect (cause response thru G protein activation)

Question 32

Is muscarinic (the cholinergic receptor for acetylcholine) agonist or antagonist?

Answer 32

Agonist

Question 33

Is nicotinic (the cholinergic receptor for acetylcholine) agonist or antagonist?

Answer 33

Agonist

Question 34

Nicotine is considered a(n) ________ when it binds to nicotinic ACh receptors due to its ability to stimulate the receptor.

Answer 34

Agonist

Question 35

Skeletal contracting occurs as a result of__________________________________.

Answer 35

Acetylcholine binding to nicotinic (not muscarinic) receptors.

Question 36

HR decrease, increase in GI secretions and peristalsis, constrict pupil happens when ___________________________.

Answer 36

Acetylcholine binds to muscarinic receptors.(?)

Question 37

What are agonists and antagonists?

Answer 37

Drugs

Question 38

What determines whether a neurotransmitter is Excitatory or inhibitory?

Answer 38

Based on which ion channel are open

Question 39

What kind of receptor is nicotinic cholinergic?

Answer 39

``` Chemically gated (ligand) ion channel So it's a direct ```

Question 40

What kind of receptor is muscarinic cholinergic?

Answer 40

G-protein receptor | Indirect