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RTH 102 Chem > PPT3 Gas Diffusion > Flashcards

PPT3 Gas Diffusion Flashcards

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0
Q

Movement from high to low concentrations and from high to low pressures are called

A

Diffusion gradient

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1
Q

What is diffusion?

A

Net movement of molecules

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2
Q

Pressure in the air equals the pressure In the alveolus is _______

A

760mm

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3
Q

Nitrogen takes up _____ of room air

A

79%

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4
Q

O2 takes up _____ of room air

A

21%

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5
Q

VCO2/VO2 is known as the

A

Respiratory exchange ratio

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6
Q

Normal PAO2 is equal to

A

100

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7
Q

Pulmonary arteries contain __________ blood

A

Mixed venous

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8
Q

______ law of diffusion contains a cross sectional area (A), diffusion coefficient (D), thickness of membrane (T), and pressure gradient (P1-P2)

A

Ficks

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9
Q

In this equation Vgas=[A x D (P1-P2)]/T the A stands for?

A

Surface area

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10
Q

In this equation Vgas=[A x D (P1-P2)]/T the D stands for?

A

Diffusion coefficient (solubility)

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11
Q

In this equation Vgas=[A x D (P1-P2)]/T the P1-P2 stands for?

A

Diffusion gradient

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12
Q

In this equation Vgas=[A x D (P1-P2)]/T the T stands for?

A

Thickness of membrane

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13
Q

The greater the surface area, solubility coefficient, and pressure gradient the ________the diffusion rate

A

Greater

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14
Q

The greater the surface area, solubility coefficient, and pressure gradient the greater the diffusion rate - in this statement how are these qualities related?

A

Directly

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15
Q

Who’s law states “The greater the surface area, solubility coefficient, and pressure gradient the greater the diffusion rate”

A

Ficks

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16
Q

The greater the membrane thickness the _______ the diffusion rate

A

Slower

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17
Q

The greater the membrane thickness the slower the diffusion rate, how is this related?

A

Inversely

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18
Q

Who’s law states “The greater the membrane thickness the slower the diffusion rate”

A

Ficks

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19
Q

CO2 travels ________ across membrane

A

Fast

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20
Q

O2 travels _____ across membrane

A

Slow

21
Q

Who’s law states “Gas diffusion rate is inversely proportional to the square root of its gram molecular weight (density)…….the lighter the gas the faster the diffusion”

A

Grahams

22
Q

The statement “the lighter the gas = faster diffusion” means they are _________ related

A

Inversely

23
Q

Who’s law states “gas diffusion is directly proportional to the gas partial pressure” (greater pressure = greater diffusion)?

A

Henrys

24
Q

The statement “the greater the pressure = the greater the diffusion” are _________ related

A

Directly

25
Q

Capillary transit time = _______

A

.75 seconds

26
Q

The alveolar-capillary equilibrium occurs during the first _______seconds

A

25

27
Q

Increased blood flow and thickened alveolar capillary membrane will ________ to O2 transfer

A

Limits

28
Q

Thickened alveolar capillary membrane will limit CO2 __________

A

Diffusion

29
Q

Thickened alveolar capillary membrane will limit N2O ____________

A

Perfusion

30
Q

The distance from alveolar gas to red blood cell is ___________

A

<0.1um

31
Q

Fibrosis, interstitial edema, alveolar fluid, and interstitial fibrosis will ______ the diffusion path

A

Increase

32
Q

Fibrosis, interstitial edema, alveolar fluid, and ___________ will increase the diffusion path

A

Interstitial fibrosis

33
Q

Fibrosis, interstitial edema, ____________ and interstitial fibrosis will increase the diffusion path

A

Alveolar fluid

34
Q

Fibrosis, ___________, alveolar fluid, and interstitial fibrosis will increase the diffusion path

A

Interstitial edema

35
Q

__________, interstitial edema, alveolar fluid, and interstitial fibrosis will increase the diffusion path

A

Fibrosis

36
Q

If you have a thick membrane you will have _______ O2 diffusion

A

Less

37
Q

What are three barriers of diffusion?

A

Alveolar epithelium, interstitial space, and capillary endothelium

38
Q

Gas movement between lungs and tissues is by ________

A

Diffusion

39
Q

Normal PaCO2 is_____

A

40

40
Q

If patients CO2 level is low they might be _______

A

Hyperventilating

41
Q

Which gas “takes the hit” if another gas is taking up more of the alveolar space

A

Nitrogen

42
Q

The term _______ ________ means that nitrogen is lessened due to heightened CO2 or O2 levels in the alveoli

A

Nitrogen washout

43
Q

PAO2=(Pb-47)(FiO2)-PaCO2 x 1.25 is called the _____________

A

Alveoli air equation

44
Q

In the equation PAO2=(Pb-47)(FiO2)-PaCO2 x 1.25 the PAO2 stands for?

A

Alveoli pressure of oxygen

45
Q

In the equation PAO2=(Pb-47)(FiO2)-PaCO2 x 1.25 the Pb stands for?

A

Bariatric pressure (760mm

46
Q

In the equation PAO2=(Pb-47)(FiO2)-PaCO2 x 1.25 the 47 stands for?

A

Moisture level (humidity from nose)

47
Q

In the equation PAO2=(Pb-47)(FiO2)-PaCO2 x 1.25 the FiO2 stands for?

A

Fractional inspired level of oxygen (if no o2 therapy in place then number will be .21 which is percent of oxygen in the room)

48
Q

In the equation PAO2=(Pb-47)(FiO2)-PaCO2 x 1.25 the PaCO2 stands for?

A

Arterial pressure of carbon dioxide (normally 40)

49
Q

If PaO2 is greater than 130 then the patient must be_______

A

Breathing supplemental O2

50
Q

Why does CO2 diffuse faster than O2 if it’s a heavier gas?

A

Because its of more solubility

RTH 102 Chem (5 decks)

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