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RTH 102 Chem > PPT1 Gen Chem > Flashcards

PPT1 Gen Chem Flashcards

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0
Q

Smallest particle of an element, building block

A

Atom

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1
Q

Anything that occupies space and has mass?

A

Matter

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2
Q

An atom is composed of?

A

Protons neutrons and electrons

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3
Q

A _______ can not be broken down

A

Element

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4
Q

Two or more elements together

A

Compound

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5
Q

Protons have a ______ charge and are located ___________

A

Positive charge and inside nucleus

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6
Q

Neutrons have a ______ charge and are located ________

A

Neutral or no charge, and are in nucleus

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7
Q

Electrons have a ______ charge and are located ________

A

Negative charge, and outside nucleus

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8
Q

Number of protons inside nucleus

A

Atomic number (defines each different element)

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9
Q

The number of protons equals the number of _________

A

Electrons

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10
Q

Number of protons and neutrons

A

Mass number (atomic weight)

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11
Q

Atoms that have the same number of protons and a different number of neutrons

A

Isotopes

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12
Q

Oxygen has how many isotopes?

A

3

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13
Q

Isotopes have the same ________ properties but different ____________ properties

A

Same chemical prop

Different physical prop

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14
Q

_____ gases have full outer shells. Example helium neon and argon

A

Noble gases

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15
Q

Atoms try to get _____ electrons in their outer shells

A

8

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16
Q

Electrons in the outer shell are called ___________

A

Valence electrons

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17
Q

The transfer of electrons are known as what type of bonding?

A

Ionic bonding

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18
Q

Sharing electrons is known as what type of bonding?

A

Covalent

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19
Q

Elements with 1, 2, or 3 electrons in the outer shell that give them up and end up with a positive charge are called?

A

Cations

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20
Q

Elements that need 1, 2, or 3 electrons to be complete which end up taking them and getting a negative charge are called?

A

Anions

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21
Q

Ions of opposite charge are _______ to each other

A

Attracted

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22
Q

Na has one extra (-) and then combines with Cl (+) which is 7, Na gives a (-) to Cl, this type of bonding is called?

A

Ionic bonding

23
Q

________ occurs when two atoms share valence electrons

A

Covalent bonding

24
Q

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, vitamins, hormones, and enzymes are all examples of _______ _______ bonds

A

Covalent carbon bonds

25
Q

Carbon molecule has _____ valence electrons

A

4

26
Q

Compounds that have covalent carbon bonds in them

A

Organic molecules

27
Q

Monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides are considered

A

Carbohydrates

28
Q

_______ are the primary source of energy

A

Carbohydrates

29
Q

All contain carbon, water, and hydrogen

A

Carbohydrates

30
Q

Large molecules composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen

A

Protein

31
Q

The basic building block of protein is

A

Amino acids

32
Q

Composed of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen

A

Lipids

33
Q

3 functions of lipids are

A

Provides energy, cell membrane structure, and essential nutrients

34
Q

Nucleic acids

A

DNA and RNA

35
Q

Phosphate group, 5 carbon sugar and nitrogenous base

A

Nucleotide

36
Q

______molecules do not have any c-c or c-h covalent bonds

A

Inorganic

37
Q

Body is made up of _____ elements

A

26

38
Q

96% of our bodies are made up of these four elements

A

Oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen

39
Q

Oxygen equals ______ of bodies weight

A

65%

40
Q

Most abundant molecule

A

H2O

41
Q

Substances that break down in solutions to form ions

A

Electrolytes

42
Q

Acids, bases, salts are all examples of?

A

Electrolytes

43
Q

______ are charged particles

A

Ions

44
Q

______ can carry an electrical current

A

Electrolytes

45
Q

Water reacts with _______ to produce a base

A

Metal oxide

46
Q

Water reacts with _____ to produce and acid

A

Nonmetal

47
Q

_____ polar nature makes it am excellent solvent

A

Waters

48
Q

When electrical current is passed through ______ it forms hydrogen and oxygen gas

A

Water

49
Q

_____ is a waste product of cell metabolism

A

Co2

50
Q

____ is produced by cells and must be transported to lungs to be excreted

A

Co2

51
Q

Donates (h+)

A

Acids

52
Q

Accepts (h+)

A

Base

53
Q

Na, K, Ca, Mg are all examples of

A

Cations

54
Q

Cl, bicarbonate, Phosphate are all examples of

A

Anions

RTH 102 Chem (5 decks)

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