PPT 7 Tongue Flashcards
The _____ is at the apex of the sulcus terminalis
foramen cecum
the _____ of the tongue is the anterior 2/3.
body
The ____ of the tongue is the posterior 1/3
root
A persistent lingual frenulum is called _______.
ankyloglossia
Muscles that have one attachment outside the tongue are classified as _____.
extrinsic
Muscles entirely within the tongue, without external attachment are classified as _____.
intrinsic
Motor control of the tongue is through cranial nerve _____.
XII (hypoglossal nerve)
Large, domed papillae arranged in a V just anterior to the sulcus terminals are called _____.
circumvallate papillae
Low parallel ridges on the lateral edge of the tongue are called _____
foliate papillae
Mushroom shaped papillae that look like small spots are called _____.
fungiform papillae
The smallest and most numerous papillae, with a conical shape and highly keratinized are called _____.
filiform papillae
Which papillae have taste buds and which does not?
Have:
Circumvallate, foliate and fungiform
Do not have:
filiform
The benign non-painful condition caused by the regional loss of papillae is called _____.
geographic tongue
Serous glands that surround the papillae and secrete a watery mixture of proteins into the cleft are called _____.
von Ebner’s glands.
The three directions (or classes) of muscle fibers in the tongue are _____.
Longitudinal, transverse and vertical.
The body of the tongue receives general sensory innervation from which cranial nerve?
Cranial nerve V (trigeminal)
Taste buds on the body of the tongue are innervated by which cranial nerve?
Cranial nerve VII (facial)
The root of the tongue including the tastebuds of the circumvallate papillae are innervated by which nerves?
Cranial nerves IX and X (glossopharyngeal and vagus)
Salt taste bud sensory transduction is initiated by ____.
Positive salt ions (Na+) entering an ion channel
Acid taste bud sensory transduction is initiated by _____.
Positive ions (H+) entering a potassium ion channel
Bitter taste bud sensory transduction is initiated by _____.
Quinine or other bitter tasting binding with a G-protein coupled receptor.
Amino acid taste bud sensory transduction is initiated by _____.
Glutamate binding with a glutamate receptor (G-protein complex)
Sweet taste bud sensory transduction is initiated by _____.
Sugar or sweetener binding with Gustducin (a G-protein complex).
______ provide immunologic protection at the entrance to the digestive tract.
Lingual tonsils
The body of the tongue develops from the _____.
1st pharyngeal arch
The root of the tongue and the circumvallate papillae develop from the _____.
3rd pharyngeal arch
