PPT 6 Salivary Glands

Question 1

______ is an enzyme found in saliva of some individuals that begins digestion of starch in the mouth.

Answer 1

Salivary amylase

Question 2

______ is an enzyme that is activated by stomach acid that digests fat after it is swallowed.

Answer 2

Lingual lipase

Question 3

_____ binds and lubricates food and aids in swallowing.

Answer 3

Mucus

Question 4

_____ is an enzyme that kills bacteria by disrupting cell wall.

Answer 4

Lysozyme

Question 5

_____ chelates iron necessary for bacterial growth.

Answer 5

Lactoferrin

Question 6

_____ is an antibody in saliva that neutralizes bacteria and viruses.

Answer 6

Immunoglobulin A (IgA)

Question 7

_____ is thought to be a potent antimicrobial agent, even against HIV.

Answer 7

SLPI (secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor)

Question 8

______ aid in oral cavity wound healing and have anti fungal properties.

Answer 8

Histatins

Question 9

Humans produce about _____ of saliva every day.

Answer 9

1 - 1.5 liters

Question 10

Food stimulates taste receptors that signal nuclei in the _____ and ____ of the brainstem that also cause salivation.

Answer 10

medulla and pons

Question 11

______ stimulation of salivary glands produces large volumes of thin, serous, saliva.

Answer 11

Parasympathetic

Question 12

_____ stimulation of salivary glands produces small volumes of thicker saliva, with more mucus.

Answer 12

Sympathetic

Question 13

The two types of salivary glands are _______ and _______.

Answer 13

Minor (intrinsic) and Major (extrinsic)

Question 14

_____ salivary glands open directly or via short ducts, onto the surface of the oral epithelium. Most are mucous glands except for the serous Ebner’s glands in the tongue.

Answer 14

Minor

Question 15

_____ are obstructed minor salivary glands filled with mucous saliva.

Answer 15

Mucoceles

Question 16

The three major salivary glands are bilaterally paired structures that are named ____, ____ and _____.

Answer 16

parotid, submandibular and sublingual glands

Question 17

_____ salivary glands are composed of clusters of glandular acini connected to the oral epithelium by a branching system of ducts.

Answer 17

Major

Question 18

Secretory products may be _____ (watery fluid) or _____ (thick with glycoproteins) or mixed.

Answer 18

serous, mucous

Question 19

The parotid gland produces 25% of saliva volume which is delivered via the parotid duct (also known as _______).

Answer 19

Stenson’s duct

Question 20

Stenson’s ducts (parotid ducts) open at the _____, a small elevation on the mucosal surface of the cheek opposite the second upper molar.

Answer 20

parotid papilla

Question 21

The submandibular gland produces 70% of saliva volume and the submandibular duct (also known as _______) opens at a small, fleshy prominence on each side of the lingual frenulum on the floor of the oral cavity.

Answer 21

Wharton’s duct

Question 22

The sublingual gland produces 5% of saliva volume and the sublingual duct (also known as _____) opens alongside the submandibular duct on the sublingual caruncle. There are also many small, short ducts from the sublingual gland that enter individually into the oral cavity called ______.

Answer 22

Bartholin’s duct

ducts of Rivinus

Question 23

A salivary gland stone is called a _____.

Answer 23

sialolith

Question 24

An autoimmune disorder that destroys lacrimal and salivary glands resulting in dry eyes and mouth is called _____.

Answer 24

Sjogren’s Syndrome

Question 25

A protective film on teeth composed of salivary proteins that acts as a barrier against acids, retains moisture and regulates adherence and activity of bacteria and fungi in the oral cavity is called _____.

Answer 25

pellicle

Question 26

When the pellicle is heavily colonized by bacteria it is called _____.

Answer 26

plaque

Question 27

When dental plaque becomes calcified it is called _____.

Answer 27

calculus.

Question 28

Parotid glands are _____-secreting glands.

Answer 28

serous

Question 29

Submandibular glands are mixed glands but mostly _____-secreting.

Answer 29

serous

Question 30

Sublingual glands are mixed glands but mostly _____-secreting.

Answer 30

mucus

Question 31

A cluster of cells arranged in a sphere with a hollow lumen in the center is called ______.

Answer 31

an acinus

Question 32

Cells of a secretory acinus are arranged in clusters around a lumen that flows first into an _____ duct and then into a _____ duct.

Answer 32

intercalated, striated

Question 33

_____ duct cells are a simple cuboidal epithelium that may become columnar as it approaches the striated duct.

Answer 33

intercalated

Question 34

_____ duct cells are tall cuboidal or columnar and may be arranged in either a simple or stratified epithelium.

Answer 34

Striated

Question 35

When mucous cells swell due to conventional tissue fixation, they force the serous cells out of the acinus and into the _____, a crescent shaped cap of the mucous cell.

Answer 35

demilune

Question 36

Saliva forms in two stages called _____ and _____.

Answer 36

Primary saliva and final saliva

Question 37

_____ is formed from the acinus and intercalated ducts.

Answer 37

Primary saliva

Question 38

_____ becomes hypotonic as it passes through the striated and excretory ducts, mainly by reabsorption and secretion of ions.

Answer 38

Final saliva

Question 39

The cells that are thought to be contractile that surround acini are called _____.

Answer 39

myoepithelial cells.

Question 40

_____ ducts add lysozyme and lactoferrin to the saliva.

Answer 40

Intercalated

Question 41

_____ ducts secrete buffering bicarbonate into the saliva.

Answer 41

Striated

Question 42

_____ ducts are the principal ducts of the major salivary glands that connect with the oral cavity.

Answer 42

Excretory

Question 43

The clinical term for dry mouth is _____.

Answer 43

Xerostomia